Diabetes Complications, Obesity, Cholesterol & Eating Disorders

Long-Term Diabetes: Consequences

• Neuropathy (damage to the nervous system)
• Nephropathy (kidney damage)
• Retinopathy (damage to the retina)
• Cardiovascular complications

Overnutrition and Obesity: Definitions and Causes

Overnutrition: a type of eating disorder caused by excessive intake of food as usual, which is higher than the nutritional needs of that person.

When is a person obese? A person is obese when body weight exceeds the normal by 20% or more.

Other factors in obesity: is due to hereditary factors (genetic), endocrine (glands in these disorders), metabolic or environmental (chemical reactions that occur in our cells).

Complications involved in obesity: hypertension, increased cholesterol, diabetes, myocardial infarction or stroke (overnutrition), and skeletal system and vascular complications (obesity).

What Is Cholesterol and Its Role

Cholesterol is a type of lipid, a fat (organic biomolecule) having a structural role in cells (membrane), a precursor of sex hormones, vitamin D, and bile acids.

Cholesterol: Health Consequences

An excess of cholesterol in the blood, often due to excessive eating and especially consumption of animal fats, promotes atherosclerosis (clogged arteries) and can cause strokes, heart attacks, or angina pectoris (chest pain).

What Constitutes Gastroenteritis and Why It Relates to Nutrition

• It is an inflammation of the lining of the stomach and intestine.
• It can be related to poor eating habits, such as eating very spicy or highly seasoned foods (condimentados).

Similarities and Differences Between Anorexia and Bulimia

Similarities: They are eating disorders with a neural component, often caused by low self-esteem, social pressure, etc. They require medical treatment and psychological support. They are influenced by beauty standards imposed by the media and mainly affect young people.

Differences: Anorexia is an excessive fear of gaining weight, involving avoidance of food intake and a distorted view of one's body (even if very thin, the person perceives themselves as fat). Bulimia has three stages: excessive food intake, remorse, and an attempt to remove the large amount of food ingested by inducing vomiting, using diuretics, or excessive exercise. Bulimia can lead to anorexia.