Demographic Concepts: Population, Fertility, and Migration
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Demographic Concepts
Census
An official statistical document that sets the population count, collecting demographic and socioeconomic data of the residents. For example, it is realized every 5 years and finished in 6.
Concentrated Population
A population that is primarily gathered around a town and not scattered in the field. It explains how the population is divided in the territory. For example, in Mallorca, the population is concentrated.
Disseminated Population
A population where homes are primarily scattered in the field and not in urban groups. It explains how the population is divided in the territory. For example, in Ibiza, the population is disseminated.
Fertility Rate
The relationship between the number of babies born alive in a year x 1000, divided by the number of women of childbearing age (15-49). For example, a lower level of population replacement means that the population ages.
Masculinity Rate
The relationship between the number of men x 100, divided by the number of women. For example, in 1996, the ratio was 96 men for every 100 women (4% fewer men than women).
Femininity Rate
The relationship between the number of women x 100, divided by the number of men. For example, it is the inverse of masculinity.
Birthrate
The annual number of births referred to the average population, or the total number of births a year divided by the number of inhabitants x 1000. For example, an increased rate of birth depends on the use or rejection of contraceptive measures, improved nutrition, hygiene, and the elimination of epidemics.
Aging Rate
The percentage of the total population aged 65 and over, divided by the total population of children under 15. For example, a high aging rate is due to a strong aging of the population.
Return Migration
The movement of people back to their place of origin after a migration that occurred years ago. It is going back to the origin of a migration realized before. A movement occurred since 1975 due to the economic crisis and the industrial restructuring of industrial regions, with the return of migratory miners. For example, movement from the Basque Country and Asturias moving inland, back to Andalucia or Extremadura from the Mediterranean coast.
Sustainable Growth
Growth that satisfies the needs of the present without compromising the capacity of future generations to meet their own needs. It involves economic growth, social equity, and the conservation of resources. For example, sustainable tourism is an example of controlled growth.