Defining the State: Elements and Characteristics

The state is a union of families and villages having for its end a perfect and self-sufficing life, by which we mean a happy and honorable life.

Features of the State

1. State as a Union

The state is a union of different individuals, groups, families, etc., providing legal bonds.

2. State Has a Purpose

The state was not created without reason; it exists for the betterment of individual life. In the absence of the state, lawlessness and disorder would prevail, where the strong would dominate the weak.

3. State Comprises Four Elements

One: Population

There can be no state if there are no people to populate it. The state exists for its people.

Two: Territory

Any government must have a fixed geographical area over which it exercises control.

Three: Government

The main purpose of the state is to create and execute laws so that order can be maintained in society. This lawmaking and execution can only be achieved by the government.

Four: Sovereignty

This means that the government should enjoy independence in functioning according to its own wishes and be free from any external influence.

4. State Should Command Obedience From People

Distinguishing State, Nation, and Country

The terms "state," "nation," and "country" are often used interchangeably by those unfamiliar with the proper use of these terms. To further muddy the waters, phrases such as independent State and nation-state are frequently thrown in as well. While these terms are similar and easily confused, some distinguishable differences set them apart. In some cases, "State" and "country" may be used to describe the same area; a "nation" is a somewhat less well-defined term.

When used with an initial capital letter, State has a very different meaning than the one commonly known among US citizens. An independent State is the same as an independent country—it's an area that has internationally recognized boundaries and its own government. It must also be recognized by other countries and have sovereignty, meaning that it is not under the power of any other country. Other requirements include:

• Permanent residents
• A transportation system
• An education system
• An organized economic system

It issues its own money and is able to regulate both domestic and foreign trade.