Critique of Pure Reason: Transcendental Dialectics & Metaphysics

Critique of Pure Reason: Transcendental Dialectics

Transcendental Dialectical Reason. Pure Reason, at the beginning of the second part of the logic, states that the dialectic is the logic of illusion and delusion. Phenomena are different, but here it is transcendental illusion that occurs when reason goes beyond experience as a natural tendency. That's when reason falls into errors. We must discover and eliminate them. The field of science is limited to the experience of acting, so sensitive and understanding as knowledge sources. Reason is beset by questions that it cannot avoid, that it feels compelled to go beyond, a trend in its tendency produces unifying ideas. Similar to the sensitivity, reason comprehends sensible intuitions about how to proceed.

The Ideals of Reason: World and God

Reason has inevitably to transcend the trials of understanding in an effort to achieve the unification of general judgments. It seeks to be the natural impulse to reach higher. With this summary, it seeks to accomplish the objectives of metaphysics that are only ideas of reason, a priori forms. Ideals are the reason that express the contents of the metaphysical assumptions. As Kant states, it is necessary to subject it to criticism that examines three ideas of reason: the soul, the world, and God. They are objects of metaphysics that now appear as the ideals of reason:

• The thinking subject (psychological): The content of the self, or absolute subject of all our judgments, gives rise to four substantial paralogisms. Personality and idealism are simple concepts that cannot be proven for lack of intuition. The idea of absolute permanence or immortality of the soul is beyond the field of experience.
• The entire world as a whole (cosmological): The content of the idea of the world, or all the external phenomena, produces four antinomies.
• God (theological): The content of the idea of being supreme as absolute unity is expressed inside and outside traditional evidence to prove the existence of God (ontology, cosmology, and psychology). Such an idea is possible but is needed void.

In conclusion, it is impossible to have metaphysics as a science. It is the result of wishful thinking and errors of reason's regulative ideas or principles that drive human beings to not stay in the phenomena.

The Safe Passage of a Science

Kant posits that metaphysics is not a science because it has not continued to score. He compares pure metaphysics with mathematics and physical science, to which mathematics is considered science since the Greeks. They did not care about things but the concepts that the subject placed in them, including the subject revolves around the subject. Physics takes longer to find its path. The physical path is realized necessarily before experiments and can confirm this is the changing nature, so it turned to the right. Metaphysics has not followed the right path. Now, Kant objects were located the subject in the center of everything.