Construction Machinery Management and Classification
Classified in Technology
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1. Construction Machinery Administration
R: Administration is essential for optimal operation of construction machinery in all relevant processes.
2. Machine Definition
R: A machine is a set of moving and fixed parts that leverages, manages, regulates, or transforms energy to perform work.
3. Machinery Definition
R: Machinery refers to a set of machines with a common purpose and the mechanism providing motion.
4. Machine Components
R: The main components are: Motor, mechanism, chassis, and safety components.
5. Motor
R: The motor converts energy to perform the required work.
6. Mechanism
R: The mechanism is a set of mechanical elements, some mobile, transforming motor energy into the desired output.
7. Chassis
R: The chassis is the rigid structure supporting the motor and mechanism, linking all elements.
8. Safety Components
R: Safety components do not contribute to the machine's work but protect operators.
9. Machine Classification
R: Machines are classified into simple and compound machines.
10. Simple Machines
R: A simple machine performs its work in a single step.
11. Simple Machine Classification
R: Simple machines are classified into three groups: lever, inclined plane, and wheel.
12. Compound Machines
R: Compound machines combine several simple machines.
13. Classification by Mechanism/Head Movement
R: Machines are classified as: a) Rotating Machines b) Reciprocating Machines c) Reaction Machines.
14. Classification by Energy Source
R: Machines are classified as: a) Manual Machines b) Electrical Machines c) Hydraulic Machines d) Heat Engines.
15. Machinery Classification by Work Type
R: When multiple machines serve the same purpose, they are categorized accordingly, e.g., agricultural machinery, construction machinery, textile machinery.
16. Earthmoving Machines: Main Feature
R: Earthmoving machines are typically self-propelled equipment used in construction.
17. Earthmoving Machines: Main Functions
R: Main functions include: Loosening and removing soil, lifting and loading soil onto transport vehicles, distributing soil in controlled layers, and compacting soil.
18. Machine Maintenance Types
R: Preventive Maintenance and Corrective Maintenance are used.
19. Preventive Maintenance
R: Preventive maintenance detects repetitive failures, reduces downtime, increases equipment life, lowers repair costs, and identifies weak points.
20. Corrective Maintenance
R: Corrective maintenance repairs equipment failures when it malfunctions or ceases to operate properly.