Communication Text Types: Dialogue, Argument, Narrative, Description

Communication Text Types

Dialogue

Dialogue is the communication process in which two or more partners take turns using words.

Features

• Two-way exchange: For dialogue to occur, the sender and receiver must exchange roles.
• Bias voltage: The motivation driving partners to communicate. This includes factors such as information exchange and even silence.
• Consistency: The dialogue must involve consistent interactions.

Exposure

Exposure is the objective explanation of an issue, enabling the receiver to acquire new knowledge.

Classification by Receptor

• Expository-informative: Clearly and simply informs on a topic of general interest.
• Expository-specialized: Uses complex language and jargon for a specialized audience.

Classification by Structure

• Deductive: Starts with a general idea and provides specifics.
• Inductive: Presents specific data to draw conclusions.
• Cause and effect: Describes an event and its effects.
• Chronological: Events follow a temporal order.
• Illustrative: Uses examples to enhance understanding.

Argument

An argument provides a subjective viewpoint on a topic, aiming to influence and convince the receiver.

Elements and Structure of Argumentative Text

• Thesis: The main idea organizing the text (deductive or inductive).
• Main argument: Reasons provided to support the thesis.
• Conclusion: Summarizes ideas from the exposition and arguments.

Narrative

A narrative is a coherent set of oral or written statements with a communicative purpose. It narrates events related to characters in time and space.

Elements of Narrative

• Narrator: Distinct from the author.
• Narration: Events happening to characters; organized into beginning, middle, and end.
• Characters: Individuals with physical, social, etc., characteristics.
• Space and Time: The narrative's setting; can be external or internal time.

The Language in Narrative

• Lexical features: Predominance of verbs (movement, language, thought).
• Morphological traits: Dominant use of past tense and perfect verbs.
• Syntactic features: Narrative styles, declarative sentences, and adverbial subordinate clauses.

Description

A description presents something or someone through language, detailing its qualities and parts.

Classes of Description

• Prosopography: Physical description of a person.
• Etopeya: Description of a person's character, habits, and actions.
• Portrait: Complete description, focusing on physical and moral traits.
• Self-portrait: Description by the subject themselves.
• Caricature: Exaggerated description for ridicule or humor.