Colonial Imperialism: Origins, Motivations, and Legitimization

Colonial imperialism originated due to the necessity of industrialized countries in Europe to find new markets where they could sell their industrial production, obtain raw materials, and invest their excess capital. Additionally, the economic changes during the 19th century stimulated population growth and emigration. Imperial expansion also occurred as industrial powers sought to increase their political power and hinder their competitors' expansion. This entire process was legitimized by racist and nationalist conceptions held by scientists, writers, and politicians, who justified the colonization of other villages based on their perceived inferiority to the white race and the need to civilize them.