Classical Deities and Latin Vocabulary

Classical Deities and Attributes

Zeus / Jupiter:

sovereignty over all the universe. Crown, Eagle, ray, scepter.

Poseidon / Neptune:

sovereignty over the waters. Crown, trident, chariot and hippocampus, newts, trident, dolphin.

Hera / Juno:

Queen of Olympus, protector of marriage and parties. Crown, scepter, peacock, pomegranate.

Hades / Pluto:

sovereignty over the subterranean world. Chariot + black horses, ivory throne, scepter, horn of abundance.

Demeter / Ceres:

protector of agriculture. Ear of wheat, sickle, torch.

Athena / Minerva:

protector of intelligence, some arts (philosophy, literature, and crafts) and war (for justice). Helmet, spear, Aegis, armor, owl, olive, winged victory.

Hestia / Vesta:

protector of the family, home, and State. Flame of Fire, hearth / altar.

Aphrodite / Venus:

Beauty and the protector of love. Dove, Swan, shell, dolphin, mirror, heart.

Artemis / Diana:

protector of fertility, the moon, and hunting. Bow, arrows, lyre, laurel, muses.

Hermes / Mercury:

messenger of the gods, bearer of the spirits of the dead in the Underworld, Protector of shepherds and flocks, trade and dealers, thieves and liars, roads and travelers, athletes.

Ares / Mars:

protector of war (as an irrational fact, gratuitous violence). Helmet, breastplate, spear, shield.

Hephaestus / Vulcan:

protector of metallurgy and artisans. Anvil, hammer, pliers, flame / forge.

Dionysus / Bacchus:

protector of the reproductive force of nature, vine, and wine. Vine leaves, grapes, glass / cup, ivy, shoots of some animals, some musical instruments, satyrs / fauna.

Latin Terms and Phrases

Note: Some terms and notes in this section are unclear in the original text.

for you:

tibi

you:

sure

you:

tibi

with you (plural):

Vobiscum

of you (plural):

vestrum / vestri

us: these things for us:

us

(here) with his:

hic

daki) has:

has

dakesta (scythe):

istius

Akester stuff (scythe):

ista

dakests (scythe) to:

istorum

Akella:

illi

in Akella:

illi

(Subject):

illud

in Akella things themselves:

illi

themselves:

ipsae / ipsa

the same things:

eadem

(cd) with this body:

pt / hoc

him (cd):

eum

the same (as before):

eadem

to the same (Daban):

eidem

of the same things (Daban):

eorundem