The Classical Age: The Golden Age of Greek Civilization
Classified in Law & Jurisprudence
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Athens and Sparta were the most important polis.
Athens: A New Political System
A new political system was established in Athens: a democracy or government by the people.
Institutions
- The Assembly: A meeting of the citizens where matters of interest were discussed and magistrates were appointed. Women, metics, and slaves were excluded.
- Boule: Their role was to draft the laws debated in the assembly and supervise the judges. Members were chosen by drawing lots.
- Judges: They applied the decisions made by the assembly. Appointed by the assembly for a year. Some were strategists, archons, and others were treasures who managed the resources.
- Supreme Courts: Their role was to deliver justice. Members were also chosen by drawing lots.
Sparta: An Oligarchy
Sparta had an oligarchic political system, meaning that power was held by a minority.
Institutions
- The 2 Kings: They led the armies and religious acts.
- The 5 Ephors: They maintained security.
- The Assembly: A meeting attended by citizens with political rights.
- The Gerousia: They proposed actions to the Apella.