Classes of Stakeholders and Their Salience in Project Management
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·Classes of stakeholders can be identified based on possession, of one, two, or all three of the attributes: power, legitimacy, and urgency.
ØThere are four propositions of the classes of stakeholders.
·Proposition 1: Stakeholder salience will be positively related to the cumulative number of stakeholder attributes
·Proposition 2: Stakeholder salience will be low where only one of the stakeholder attributes – power, legitimacy, and urgency – is perceived by managers to be present (Called Latent Stakeholders)
·Proposition 3: Stakeholder salience will be medium where two of the stakeholder attributes – power, legitimacy, and urgency – are perceived by managers to be present. (Called Expectant Stakeholders)
·Proposition 4: Stakeholder salience will be high where all three of the stakeholder attributes – power, legitimacy, and urgency – are perceived by managers to be present. (Called Definitive Stakeholder)
1)Dormant stakeholder. They have little or no interaction with the project, but the project manager should be aware of them.
2)Discretionary stakeholder. They are unable to influence the project. There is no need for the project manager to interact with these stakeholders.
3)Demanding stakeholder. These stakeholders are unable to enforce their demands and so can waste project resources. Be careful to respond appropriately to these stakeholder claims.
4)Dominant stakeholder. With a combination of power and legitimacy, these stakeholders are important to the project; do not ignore them.
5)Dangerous stakeholder. No legitimacy means these stakeholders can negatively affect project outcomes. Treat with caution.
6)Dependent stakeholder. These stakeholders need others to help them reach their project objectives, collaborating with others as a vehicle for their claims.
7)Definitive stakeholder. They can expect their project demands to be given priority, the highest degree of salience. Ideally, this will be the project sponsor.
Nonstakeholder. No project salience