Baroque Art: Flanders, Netherlands, and Italian Influences
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Baroque Art Comparison: Flanders, Netherlands, and Italy
Italian Baroque
Characteristics
- Strong light-dark contrasts (tenebrism)
- Dynamic, unstable figures
- Realism in religious and mythological scenes
- Aerial perspective for depth
Example
The Calling of St. Matthew depicts Jesus calling Matthew to follow him, set in a 17th-century tavern. The foreground figures enhance the sense of depth.
Flemish Baroque
The Three Graces by Peter Paul Rubens
- Soft, natural lighting on figures and landscape
- Mythological theme: Three Graces dancing, symbolizing joy, celebration, and music
- Loose brushwork emphasizing the idealized female nudes
- Balanced composition with circular and repetitive lines
Dutch Baroque
The Night Watch by Rembrandt
- Frozen movement, capturing individual gestures
- Group portrait of Captain Cocq's company preparing for night patrol
- Complex composition with diagonal lines despite central figures
- Lateral lighting creates a dramatic atmosphere