Aviation Forces and Vocabulary Reference
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Aircraft Flight Dynamics
The relationship between the four primary forces acting on an aircraft:
- Lift > Weight: Plane rises
- Weight > Lift: Plane falls
- Drag > Thrust: Plane slows
- Thrust > Drag: Plane accelerates
Definitions of Flight Forces
What is Thrust?
Answer: Thrust is a force that moves the airplane forwards through the air.
What is Drag?
Answer: Drag is a force that opposes thrust. It is a type of friction and makes objects harder to move.
What is Lift?
Answer: Lift is a force that allows an aircraft to climb or stay in the air.
What is Weight?
Answer: Weight is the effect of gravity on an object.
Airport Ground Operations Vocabulary
Key terms and their Spanish translations:
- De-ice
- Sweeper - camión limpiador
- Tow truck - grúa
- Push back - empujador
- Baggage truck - montacarga
- Snow plough - removedor nieve
- Follow me car - taxi de seguimiento
- Fuel tanker
Adjective Opposites
Common antonym pairs:
- Smooth - Rough
- Heavy - Light
- Fragile - Hard
- Long - Short
- Black - White
- Big - Small
- Clean - Dirty
- Deep - Shallow
- Wide - Narrow
- Thin - Thick
- High - Low
- Large - Short (Note: 'Large' usually contrasts with 'Small')
Irregular Verb Forms (English)
| Infinitive | Past Participle | Simple Past |
|---|---|---|
| Be | Been | Was/Were |
| Do | Done | Did |
| Drive | Driven | Drove |
| Fly | Flown | Flew |
| Go | Gone | Went |
| Have | Had | Had |
| Lose | Lost | Lost |
Adjective Comparatives and Superlatives
| Characteristic | Comparative | Superlative |
|---|---|---|
| Bright | Brighter | The Brightest |
| Dim | Dimmer | The Dimmest |
| Clean | Cleaner | The Cleanest |
| Dirty | Dirtier | The Dirtiest |
| Loose | Looser | The Loosest |
| Clear | Clearer | The Clearest |
| New | Newer | The Newest |
| Normal | More Normal | The Most Normal |