Automotive Electronic Systems: Functionality and Operation

Multi-Circuit: Intermittent Power Supply

This electronic circuit provides intermittent power and can be supplemented with a device that detects malfunctions by placing two additional transistors.

Veri.Mani: Pilot Testing and Reverse Voltage

Pilot testing began with a system that does not function in reverse voltage to current.

Fuel Level Sensors: Analog and Digital Indicators

Fuel level sensors are responsible for displaying the amount of liquid in a deposit. These can be analog or digital and are based on the principle of a float or rheostat.

Oil Pressure Monitoring: Lamp and Monocontacto

Oil pressure is usually controlled by a lamp. If the oil level is low, the unit responsible for lighting the lamp is called a monocontacto. When cranking or starting the vehicle, the lamp may be lit until the required pressure is reached. In normal operation, the lamp should not be lit.

Temperature Sensors: Thermistor Replacement

Temperature sensors are responsible for indicating if the vehicle's temperature is suitable. If the temperature is not adequate, a warning lamp will turn on. In this case, the float is replaced by a thermistor.

Vehicle Speed Sensor: Optical System

The vehicle speed sensor uses a perforated wheel moved by a cable from the gearbox. A diode sends light passing through the holes in the wheel, which is caught by a phototransistor, sending the signal to a circuit that controls the speed needle.

Cruise Control: Speed Regulation System

The cruise control system is responsible for regulating the vehicle's speed. You select a speed, and the system adjusts to maintain it. The system is activated and deactivated by stepping on any pedal. This is achieved by an electronic control unit of the injection system.

Navigation System: Satellite and Internal Navigation

The navigation system is responsible for placing the vehicle on a road map and guiding you through the marked route. This is achieved by means of satellites and ground stations. The vehicle has a receiver that translates the signals from the satellites. The vehicle also has an internal navigation system for situations where there is a lack of coverage, such as tunnels.

Satellite Navigation (3 Required)

The vehicle uses satellite signals for navigation.

Internal Navigation

The vehicle has an internal navigation system.

Coverage Limitations

The system addresses coverage limitations.

Hands-Free Phone System: Bluetooth Integration

To talk on the phone without the danger of an accident, a Bluetooth hands-free phone is required. The driver's receiver connects to the vehicle's music system.

Tire Pressure Monitoring System: Sensor Technology

The tire pressure monitoring system provides information on the state of the tires. It consists of four sensors on each wheel valve. These sensors send a signal that is picked up by an antenna, and the signal reaches a power plant, displaying the state of the tires in the instrument cluster.

Parking Assist System: Ultrasonic Sensors

When you press a button, the parking assist system sends out waves. Receptors bounce off obstacles and are picked up again after a time, which is used to calculate the distance. A buzzer signal increases in frequency as the vehicle gets closer to the obstacle (25 continuous beeps).