AP

Herman Goldstein created "problem-oriented policing fundamentally redefines policing". He helped draft the ABA standards. 

Problem-oriented policing: makes police focus on what they're supposed to accomplish.

SARA: Scanning- Identify patterns, Analysis- determine causes through data collection, Response- find strategies to intervene in the causal chain, Assessment- evaluate success and possibly develop more.

Social disorder-includes such issues as public drinking, corner gangs, harassment, drug sale, noisy neighborhoods, sex.

Physical disorder- vandalism, dilapidation, abandonment buildings, & rubbish.

James & George- influenced the history of policing teamed together & wrote an essay called "Broken Windows" or ATL magazine, argued that police should focus on disorder problems affecting quality of neighborhood life.

Wesley-  examined broken window theory the relationship between disorder and crime in 40 neighborhoods in six major cities. Found that crime, fear of crime, and victimization is related to physical and social disorder.

Zero tolerance policing was made upon broken window theory. Calls for the police to focus on disorder, minor crime, & appearance of crime.

CAPS- Chicago alternative policing strategy, began in 1923, long term evaluation of community policing, citizens interaction with police, caps were implemented citywide, 5 districts were selected as prototype districts and were subjected to extensive evaluation