Anatomy Q&A: Respiratory, Digestive, Circulatory, and Nervous Systems
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Anatomy Q&A
Respiratory System
Bronchioles
1. Lack of cartilage
Alveoli
2. Gas exchange (hematosis) occurs in the lung alveoli.
Pleura
3. Plural recesses provide more space for lung expansion during inspiration.
Bronchi
4. The right main bronchus has a larger diameter than the left.
Larynx
5. The glottic cleft is the space between the vocal cords.
Digestive System
Duodenum
6. The hepatopancreatic ampulla is located in the descending portion of the duodenum.
Esophagus
7. The muscular layer of the esophagus transports the food bolus via peristalsis.
Stomach
15. The lesser curvature of the stomach is supplied by the left and right gastric arteries.
Hepatic Portal System
16. The splenic vein opens into the portal vein.
17. The superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein join to form the hepatic portal vein.
Other Digestive Structures
13. The palatine tonsil is located in the oral cavity.
14. The parotid gland is located at the level of the second molar.
Circulatory System
Heart
10. Externally, the coronary sulcus divides the heart into atrial and ventricular sections.
11. The superior and inferior vena cava flow into the right atrium.
12. The left ventricle has two papillary muscles.
18. The coronary arteries are the first branches of the ascending aorta.
Kidney
8. The kidney is a retroperitoneal organ.
21. The kidney is classified as a retroperitoneal structure.
Thoracic Aorta
9. The esophageal artery emerges from the thoracic aorta.
Nervous System
Spinal Cord
22. Gray matter is located centrally in the spinal cord.
Meninges
23. From external to internal, the meninges are: dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.
Brainstem
24. The brainstem consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain.
Dural Sac
25. The dural sac reaches the S2 level.
Other Structures
Peritoneum
19. The mesentery and omentum are part of the peritoneum.
Bladder
20. In men, the prostate is located posterior-inferior to the bladder.