Advanced Machining Processes and Tooling Techniques

Threading Processes

• 1 - Turbulence (Brushing): The machine uses 4 rotating blades (opens, deepens, outlines, chamfers).
• 2 - Sweep with automatic opening.
• 3 - Taps.
• 4 - Lamination: Compression increases resistance.
• 5 - Lamination Roller: Uses 2 or 3 rolls.
• 6 - Lamination by Comb.

Sharpening

Requires 5-axis work and good cooling.

Cutter Wheels

• 1 - With strawberry module.
• 2 - Worm: Used when the module is large or has multiple entries.
• 3 - Zip: (Coin or disc cutter train strawberries).
• 4 - With strawberry tip: (Mentioned as 'citroen' in original text, kept for fidelity but context suggests a specific tip type).
• 5 - With strawberry mother: Avoids the decrease in the zipper; very accurate (radial or axial penetration).

Carved Bevel

• 1 - Revacycle: Strawberry shape where each utility performs one operation (part of no use is discarded).
• 2 - Coniflex: Uses two disc cutters.

Special Machining Tools and Methods

These tools handle complicated geometries without damaging the piece.

Ultrasonic Machining

Punching using abrasive dust suspended in a medium.

Waterjet Cutting

Uses a high-velocity jet under pressure. The nozzle is stainless steel with a diamond tip. It creates delicate contours, requires less preparation and tooling, and does not alter the material.

Water with Abrasive

Abrasive is added; the nozzle diameter increases, and the distance between the workpiece and the nozzle is reduced.

Abrasive Jet Cutting

Uses abrasive gas. Requires a good exhaust system. Designed for finishing processes.

Electrochemical Machining (ECM)

The workpiece and the tool are electrically charged (+ / -). Reduces the risk of burrs and cracking during roughing and finishing simultaneously.

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM)

Operates via electric shock. Material is vaporized by electron impact in a dielectric liquid medium. Grinding is required beforehand. Machines are available for threading applications.

Electron Beam Machining

Offers high precision by vaporizing the material. Must be performed in a separate, vacuum-sealed chamber.

Laser Vaporization

Follows the material path and minimizes wear.

Plasma Arc Cutting

Plasma is superheated gas (available in single flow, double flow, or with water protection at low amperage).

Oxyfuel Cutting

Uses the metal's chemical reaction with oxygen (can be manual or automatic).

Chemical Machining

1. Uniform material cleaning.
2. Masking (protective layer application).
3. Chemical attack.
4. De-masking.