Advanced English Grammar Practice: Conditionals, Wishes, and Legal Vocabulary

Mastering Conditionals, Wishes, and Advanced Vocabulary

Conditional Sentences and Hypothetical Situations

Conditional Structures Review

1. If you don't enjoy your work, it's not much fun going into the office every day.
2. I would go on holiday if I had the free time. (Second Conditional)
3. If you had invited him to the party, he would have come. (Third Conditional)
4. I will make paella tonight if you promise to eat it! (First Conditional)

Using Modals in Conditionals

5. We could live without cars if we had plenty of public transport. (live)
6. What should we do to make our country a better place to live in? (do)
7. You would have to study harder if you wanted to pass the exam. (study)
8. If you ask someone for directions, they might know which road you should take. (know)

Conditional Connectors: Transformations

• If we hurry, we can make it (providing) = We can make it providing that we hurry.
• If the government doesn't act now, people will be angry (unless) = People will be angry unless the government acts now.
• If we work hard, everything will be fine (long) = Everything will be fine as long as we work hard.
• You could put police officers on every street, but there would still be crime (even). = There would still be crime even if you could put police officers on every street.

Expressing Wishes and Hypothetical Past

Correcting 'Wish' Statements

• I wish I have a lot of money X – I wish I had a lot of money. (Correct: Use Past Simple for present wishes)
• If only he had come home sooner! (CORRECT) (Past Perfect for past regrets)
• Becky wishes she had lived during the nineteenth century. (CORRECT) (Past Perfect for past wishes)
• If only they will agree to stop fighting! X - If only they would agree to stop fighting! (Use 'would' for annoying habits or future desires)

Advanced Vocabulary: Noun Transformations

Converting Adjectives and Concepts to Nouns

1. Most people are opposed to strict rules and laws (majority).

   The majority of people are opposed to strict rules and laws.

2. Is he wise enough to run a country properly? (Wisdom).

   Does he have the wisdom required to run a country properly?

3. The laws for taxes are too complicated for ordinary citizens to follow (taxation).

   Ordinary citizens cannot follow these complicated laws for taxation.

4. People should be free to express their opinions about anything (freedom).

   People should have the freedom to express their opinions about anything.

Essential Phrasal Verbs in Context

Common Phrasal Verbs Practice

1. The new film is out and they have put up posters advertising all over town.
2. We want to get there by midday; we need to set off by 9 a.m.
3. If you have evidence of a crime, you should hand it over to the authorities.
4. Cindy’s house was too small, and she considered moving out.

Legal Terminology and Crime Vocabulary

Defining Legal Terms

• Susie was upset to learn that some schools used Corporal Punishment in the past when children behaved very badly.
• Instead of going to jail, the man was placed under House Arrest for six months.
• When people commit crimes, it goes on their Criminal Record.
• The man was charged with Disorderly Conduct for shouting in the street.