15th Century Castilian Lyric & Epic Poetry
Classified in Latin
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15th Century Castilian Lyric
Cultured 15th-century lyric themes:
- Love: Often portrays a lady and gentleman maintaining a relationship of worship and servitude, mirroring feudal structures. At times, it departs from Provençal models and imitates traditional songs.
- Society: Becomes a central focus during this time of crisis, serving as the subject of satire, mockery, and criticism of customs. The tradition of songs of derision or *maldizer* continues.
- Death: Presented as the sole equalizing power in a world of crisis. Death comes to everyone, and no one escapes it.
Most used forms:
- Song: The 15th-century song is characterized by a head or nickname that develops over 2 or 3 stanzas with a loving expression.
- Saying: Related to the ballad of derision, it is the usual way to express social criticism and ridicule, without a chorus.
- Verse: Lines of art may appear more or less: greater art to see you in August of 12 syllables with rhyme, and ABBAACCA 12 all *eskema*. *Copla manriqueña* or broken foot so-called by Manrique composed of two sextuplets with his rhyme is *eskema* 8a 8b 4c 8a 8b 4c.
Castilian Epic Poetry: General Features
Realism and Historicity: Characterized as historical, referencing events, people, and places from recent or current events.
Tradition: Themes have been picked up in different eras and genres and have coexisted with the literary tradition.
Formal Aspects
- Metric: Irregular, long series of monorhyme assonant verses, usually 12 to 16 syllables, divided into two hemistiches by a central caesura.
- Rhyme: Assonance and monorhyme; repeated vowels from the stressed syllable of the last word of each line. This demonstrates the traditional character of the Castilian epic.
- Other Features: The use of epithets and epic formulas aided minstrels. Epithets applied to characters and the use of formulas facilitated memorization and maintained the audience's attention.
In short, the Castilian epic features historical facts with historical figures as protagonists, placing the action in well-known locations on the peninsula.