Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Vocational training

Cerebral Palsy (CP): An Overview

Common PC Power Problems

Some of the most common power problems and their descriptions:

• High Voltage Fluctuations: Unexpected spikes in voltage.
• Power Outages: A total loss of electrical power.
• Overvoltage: An increase in voltage beyond the normal level. This can occur when a high-energy device is suddenly switched off.
• Voltage Drop: The opposite of overvoltage; a gradual decrease in voltage, potentially leading to a power outage.

Symptoms of Power Supply Issues

Some symptoms that may indicate a power supply problem include:

• Unexpected Freezing: The PC freezes for no apparent reason.
• Data Errors: Write errors or errors accessing files occur.
• Component Failures: Internal components fail, their intensity varies, or the PC behaves strangely when connecting

Bandwidth Transmitted by the Voice Channel

Band transmitted by the voice channel. The telephone system does not transmit all frequencies between the audible range of 20Hz and 20kHz, as this would require excessive bandwidth. To determine the bandwidth used, the parameter of intelligibility, the logatoms, is used. 80% intelligibility is sufficient, which corresponds to transmitting frequencies below 2,100Hz or above 1,500Hz.

Transmission Line Conductors

The transmitted signal is alternating and consists of the sum of signals with different frequencies within the band of 300Hz to 3,400Hz. A pure 800Hz tone is used for testing.

Primary Parameters of a Transmission Line

These parameters can be measured directly in a section of a transmission line one... Continue reading "Understanding Telephony: Bandwidth, Transmission Lines, and Sound" »

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What Does the Acronym ICT Stand For?

ICT stands for Installation of Telephone and Common Infrastructure.

ICT Networks in a Building

• Food Network
• Distribution Network
• Dispersion Network
• Interior User Network

Elements Inside a RITI or RITS

The interior of a RITI or RITS contains the following elements:

• Point of Interconnection: Consists mainly of an input terminal strip where multi-pair cables from each operator arrive, and output strips where they connect the cables that go toward secondary multi-pair registers.
• End-point Distribution: A set of TLCA distributors, and if required, an amplifier. It is responsible for carrying the TLCA signal to the building's vertical risers and amplifying the signal to reach adequate quality levels.
• Elements of electrical

Il Gesù and Sant'Andrea in Mantua: Differences and Similarities

The churches of Il Gesù in Rome and Sant'Andrea in Mantua share some architectural features, such as the use of double pilasters and arched chapels. However, they also exhibit key differences. In Sant'Andrea, there is no rostrum or pulpit, and the cornice is supported by a barrel vault decorated with moldings. Another difference is the Baroque dome, which is always a barrel vault with arches. Between the arch and the wall, openings illuminate the arches, featuring a window and a small vault or crescent lunette, also curved. This is a quintessential Baroque feature known as a barrel vault with lunettes.

From the base, the use of light is evident, with a rosette or window. The small... Continue reading "Architectural Analysis: Il Gesù and Sant'Andrea in Mantua" »

Document Management Overview: Effective document management saves an organization time and resources by ensuring that documents are stored, sorted, and easily referenced.
Functions: Store, sort, and order documents to ensure rapid localization and easy reference.
Class: Degree of Autonomy: Centralized and Decentralized.
Advantages (Centralized): Saves space, equipment, and personnel; applies a single system for all documents; standard equipment can be used; easy to adapt to various needs; sophisticated systems can be implemented.
Disadvantages: Classification systems may not be the best for all documents, as delays can occur if someone has the document, leading to time spent searching through many files.
According to Use: Active (consulted... Continue reading "Effective Document Management Strategies for Organizations" »

The Tragic Week of 1909 in Barcelona

Spain's "Tragic Week" in 1909 began after King Alfonso XIII and Antonio Maura, of the Conservative Party, took power following the elections of April 21, 1907. A protest sparked by the mobilization of Catalan reservists for the war in Morocco led to a social uprising in Barcelona.

Political Context

Politically, Spain had not recovered from the loss of Cuba and the Philippines in 1898, its last overseas colonies. The country was operating under a two-party system: the Conservatives and the Liberal Party. These parties secured government control through elections influenced by *caciquismo* (warlordism). The electoral system was predictable, with the winning party always being the one that had previously been... Continue reading "The Tragic Week of 1909 in Barcelona: Causes & Impact" »

Elements of Communication

Message: Information, ideas, or feelings to be conveyed.

Code: Specific signs or symbols used to express the message.

Issuer: Person transmitting the message, expecting a response.

Channel: Medium through which the message is passed.

Context: Situation enabling understanding of the message's meaning.

Feedback: Receiver's response to the sender.

Receiver: Person receiving the message.

Formal vs. Informal Communication

Formal

Structured, follows hierarchy, used for official orders.

Informal

Spontaneous, flexible, not following established systems.

Upward Communication

Aims

• Understand staff problems and complaints.
• Encourage employee involvement.
• Obtain feedback on projects.

Downward Communication

Aims and Means

Convey instructions, policies,... Continue reading "Effective Communication: Elements, Types, and Challenges" »

General Operations

• COBRA Interests: (572) (473) to (761)
• COBRA Shares: (572) (473) to (760)
• COBRA Income: (572) (473) to (762)
• Service Provision: (440) to (759) (477)
• Lease to Local Company: (440) (4751) to (752) (477)
• Patent Usage Rights: (440) (473) to (477) (753) *retention*
• Quarterly Bank Account Settlement: (627) (472) to (572) / (572) (662) (626) (473) to (762)
• Service Provision: (440) to (759) (477)
• Company Vehicle Transport: (440) to (759) (77)

Sales Transactions

• Merchandise Returns (Not Adjusted): (768) (477) to (430)
• Prompt Payment Discount: (706) (477) to (430)
• Volume Discount (Rappel): (709) (477) to (430)
• Packaging Returns: (437) (477) to (430) / (437) (704)
• Advance Payment for Future Sale: (57) to (438) (477) *VAT discounted*
• Apply Advance Payment

Corporations

Corporations are voluntary associations seeking to provide benefits for themselves or company profits. There is no mercantile community of goods based on a contract where particular property is owned undivided by multiple people.

• Minimum Social Capital: Did not exist.
• Minimum Capital: Did not exist.
• Taxed: Income tax.
• Social Security: General/Autonomous Regime.
• Naming: Common name + CB

Civil Society

A civil society is a partnership agreement where two or more persons pool resources, property, or industry to share profits.

• Minimum Partners: 2.
• Tax: Personal Income Tax.
• Social Security: Autonomous.
• Naming: Free name + SC

Rights and Obligations

Rights

• Participate in activities.
• Elect or be elected to positions in social agencies.
• Make proposals and