Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Secondary education

Finding Belonging: A Migrant's Journey

The Challenge of "Country"

Initially, the concept of "country" seemed too broad. However, discussions revealed its potential for exploring the impact of place on identity and belonging. This piece delves into the complexities of migrating to an unfamiliar country, focusing on the search for security through employment.

A Migrant's Internal Struggles

The narrative aims to provide readers with a deeper understanding of the everyday challenges faced by migrants. It targets those who have personally experienced migration or know someone who has. The story is told from the first-person perspective of a woman grappling with isolation after arriving in Australia.

Inspiration and Literary Techniques

Inspired by "The... Continue reading "Finding Belonging: A Migrant's Journey of Identity and Employment" »

How Ethics are Defined

Ethics are a branch of philosophy that reflects on what is right and wrong.

Ethics vs. Morality

Ethics involve analysis, while morality is putting ethical ideas into practice.

Ethical Values

Guiding ideals like justice, freedom, honesty, love, and respect.

Ethical Principles

General rules guiding proper behavior.

Two Ethical Principles

Confucius: 'Don't do to others what you don't like done to you.' Christian: 'Love others as yourself.'

Ethical Virtues

Habits aiding correct behavior and moral actions.

Ethical Vices

Bad habits leading to harmful actions.

Ethical Codes

Set of values, principles, rules, duties, and responsibilities guiding behavior.

Requirements for Ethical Reflection

• Reason
• Freedom
• Knowledge
• Responsibility
• Universality
• Education

Applied

Animal Classification

Vertebrates: Possess an endoskeleton and belong to the phylum Chordata. They are divided into 5 main groups:

• Mammalia (Mammals)
• Aves (Birds)
• Reptilia (Reptiles)
• Amphibia (Amphibians)
• Pisces (Fish)

Invertebrates: Often possess an exoskeleton or lack a backbone. Examples include:

• Cnidarians (e.g., jellyfish)
• Arthropods (e.g., insects, spiders)
• Molluscs (e.g., snails, clams)
• Worms (various phyla)

Kingdom Monera

Monera: Consists of prokaryotes (organisms lacking a true nucleus).

Plant Biology Basics

Vascularity refers to whether plants have specialized tissues (veins) for transporting water and nutrients.

• Xylem: Transports water and minerals upwards from the roots.
• Phloem: Carries glucose (food produced during photosynthesis) around the plant.

Present Continuous

The present continuous, also known as the present progressive, is a verb tense used to describe actions happening now, or around now.

Affirmative, Interrogative, and Negative Forms

• Affirmative: Subject + am/is/are + verb (present participle -ing)
• Interrogative: Am/Is/Are + subject + verb (present participle -ing)?
• Negative: Subject + am/is/are + not + verb (present participle -ing)

A Story of Contrasts

The film Witness, directed by Peter Weir, effectively portrays several distinct ideas, including the cultural clash between the Amish and modern society, the romance between the two protagonists, and the theme of good versus evil, highlighting corruption within the police force. These central themes, combined with effective cinematic elements, justify the film's status as a memorable cinematic experience.

The Amish and the Modern World

Witness is a thriller centered on the Amish community living in Pennsylvania. A young Amish boy, Samuel, and his widowed mother, Rachel, become caught in a clash between two worlds: the modern American society, marked by greed, violence, and corruption, and the peaceful Amish world, focused... Continue reading "Witness: A Cultural Clash and Timeless Romance" »

The Human Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Key Components and Functions

1. The Diaphragm's Role in Respiration

The diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity (containing the heart, lungs, and ribs) from the abdominal cavity. It plays a crucial role in respiration. As the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases, drawing air into the lungs.

2. Arteries: Transporting Oxygenated Blood

Arteries are large, thick-walled, muscular blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.

• Pulmonary Arteries: Carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
• Umbilical Arteries: Paired arteries (one for each half of the body) found in the abdominal and pelvic regions. They supply deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta

Mastering Irregular Verbs

LOREM IPSUM

be.was.been.ser.estar.beat.beat.beaten.golpear.become.became.become.llegaraser.begin.began.begun.empezar.bend.bent.bent.doblar.bet.apostar.bite.bit.bitten.morder.bleed.bled.bled.sangrar.blow.blew.blown.soplar.break.broke.broken.romper.bring.brought.brought.traer.build.built.built.construir.burn.burnt.burnt.quemar.buy.bought.bought.comprar.catch.caught.caught.coger.choose.chose.chosen.elegir.come.came.come.venir.cost.cost.cost.gastar.cut.cut.cut.cortar.dig.dug.dug.cavar.do.did.done.hacer.draw.drew.drawn.dibujar.dream.dreamt.dreamt.soñar.drink.drank.drunk.beber.drive.drove.driven.conducir.eat.ate.eaten.comer.fall.fell.fallen.caer.feed.fed.fed.alimentar.feel.felt.felt.sentir.fight.fought.fought.luchar.find.

Model Code of Conduct

In addition to the laws, all political parties in the country have agreed to a model code of conduct for the election campaign. This includes:

• (i) Any place of worship shall not be used for election propaganda.
• (ii) Criticism of the opposing candidates shall be limited to their policies and programs, past record of public service, and not mention of their private personal lives.
• (iii) Government official transport like cars, vehicles, machinery, aircraft, and personnel shall not be used by government officials or ministers.
• (iv) No posters, pamphlets, notices, or slogans shall be placed on any building without the permission of the owner.
• (v) After the elections have been announced, no minister shall lay down foundation stones

The Parliament of India

The Parliament of India comprises the head of state—the President of India—and the two Houses, which constitute the legislature. The President of India is elected for a five-year term by an electoral college consisting of members of federal and state legislatures. The House of the People (Lok Sabha) has 548 members, with 543 members elected for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies and two members appointed to represent the Anglo-Indian community (as envisaged by the Constitution of India; currently, the members of Lok Sabha are 545, out of which 543 are elected for a 5-year term and 2 members represent the Anglo-Indian community). The 550 members are elected under the plurality ('first past the post') electoral... Continue reading "Indian Parliament and Election Process Explained" »