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Financial Forecasting: Cash Flows and Capital

Classified in Economy

Written on in English with a size of 6.21 KB

Step 1: Forecasted Operating Cash Flows

Step 1: Forecasted Operating Cash Flows

t

t+1

t+2

1. Revenues

Sales t

Salest (1+Forecast)

Salest (1+Forecast)²

2. Cost: (92% of revenues)

Cost of goods sold t + Other expenses t

Sales t+1 * 0.92

Sales t+2 * 0.92

3. Depreciation (9% net fixed assets, Start year)

Depreciation t

Net fixed Assets t * 0.09

Net fixed Assets t+1 * 0.09

4. EBIT (1-2-3)

1-2-3

1-2-3

1-2-3

5. Interest (10% long-term debt, start year)

Interest t (P&L)

Long-term debt t * 0.10

Long-term debt t+1 * 0.10

Taxable income

4-5

4-5

4-5

6. Tax (50%)

(4-5) * 50%

(4-5) * 50%

(4-5) * 50%

7. NET INCOME (4-5-6)

Operating Cash Flow (3+7)

3+7

3+7

3+7

Step 2: Forecasted External Capital Required

Step 2: Forecasted Amounts of External Capital Required

Sources of capital

t

t+1

1. Net income

... Continue reading "Financial Forecasting: Cash Flows and Capital" »

Harnessing Renewable Energy: Eolian and Tidal Power Explained

Classified in Technology

Written on in English with a size of 3.29 KB

EOLIC ENERGY

1. How It Is Obtained and Its Characteristics

  • It is obtained from the wind's kinetic energy.
  • The sun heats the Earth's air unevenly. The temperature differences in different locations cause air masses to move.

Characteristics of Wind:

  • Speed: Higher wind speed results in greater power generation.
  • Permanent Wind Zones: Areas with consistent wind patterns are ideal for wind energy production.
  • Elevation: Wind speeds are typically higher at higher elevations.
  • Power Density: Measured in watts per square meter (W/m²).

2. Parts of a Wind Power Plant

  • Propeller (Blades):
    • Number of blades varies depending on the motor (typically one to six).
    • Made from lightweight materials like carbon fiber.
    • Spin the shaft, which drives the generator.
    • Types: Horizontal-
... Continue reading "Harnessing Renewable Energy: Eolian and Tidal Power Explained" »

Concept of education

Classified in Psychology and Sociology

Written on in English with a size of 8.34 KB

Socialization Use the term to describe a lifelong process in which you become integrated with your society.,We are constantly learning our society,We learn the norms and expectations, Both Absolute and Relative

Darkheim's Social IntegrationWhen an individual is brought into society

AbsoluteEvery Society that ever existed socializes it's kids

RelativeWhat you are being socialized into differs from society to society. Different periods of history. Gender roles and Social class are also relative.

3 Necessary Components of Socialization1) Language - Its important to learn a language by puberty unless it will be hard2) Human Interaction - You get socialized through interaction with other people3) Human Affection - People need to show love for you to... Continue reading "Concept of education" »

Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology: Disorders, Treatments, and Anatomy

Classified in Medicine & Health

Written on in English with a size of 5.98 KB

***Random

-Hilpike---->vertigo
-Septal resection=/=Nasal polyp
-Fistula Test----->-ve
-fistula test----->Post ...Canal
-Abnormal Eustachian tube---> no movement
-L bronchitis---->All
-chainal atrsia--->ALL
-Smoking--->reinke edema!
-Audiogram--->conductive+ Mixed
-High Mortality--->subdural + brain abscess!
-OSA+CPAP--->AHI>20

--Photoanthmia---->weak VC
-Contact ulcer---->Vocal abuse!
-Fistula Test----------> -ve
-Fistula Test---------> Post ..Canal
-Smooth water edema--->allergy
**Development
-Child has only---->Ear cartilage
-Breath through nose--->1 year old
- bacteria-------> H Influenza!
***ANATOMY& vessels:
-Limited labyrinth--->Tra...
-GERD affects----->VC
-Bones--->U(D)S
-Pulsation----->

... Continue reading "Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology: Disorders, Treatments, and Anatomy" »

Ophthalmology Concepts and Terminology Review

Classified in Biology

Written on in English with a size of 3.36 KB

Subjective Refraction

  • Long Range: Strong Convex (+) – Investigator sees 1.0
  • Short Range: Weak Concave (-) – Examine sees 1.0

Formal Vision

  • Yellow spots

Color

  • Reign of the macula!

Fluid Pathways

  • Pathway $\rightarrow$ All

Blepharitis

  • Definition: (A)
  • Forms: (A)
  • Causes: A/C/D
  • Treatment (Tx): (C)

Answer Summary

  • Provide neurepithelium in bloodstream to retina!
  • Central retinal artery $\rightarrow$ (2+3)
  • Blepharitis Causes $\rightarrow$ A/C/D
  • Hypopyon $\rightarrow$ Pus in Anterior chamber
  • Glaucoma Scotoma $\rightarrow$ All
  • Hypertrophic Eye $\rightarrow$ Convex Lens!

Category A:

  • Peripheral vision & Dark adaptation
  • Thickest part of retina (0.4mm)
  • Eye
  • Blepharitis forms!
  • Eye envelope!
  • Orthophoria!
  • Heterophoria!
  • Cause for optic nerve Edema
  • Binocular vision
  • Subjective refraction
... Continue reading "Ophthalmology Concepts and Terminology Review" »

Bond Valuation Problems and Solutions

Classified in Mathematics

Written on in English with a size of 7.26 KB

Chapter 6 Review: Bond Valuation Problems

  1. Coupon Rate Calculation

    A $1,000 face value bond is currently quoted at 100.8. The bond pays semiannual payments of $22.50 each and matures in six years. What is the coupon rate?

    Coupon rate = ($22.50 × 2) / $1,000 = 0.0450, or 4.50 percent

  2. Current Price of a Bond

    A $1,000 face value bond currently has a yield to maturity of 8.22 percent. The bond matures in five years and pays interest semiannually. The coupon rate is 7.5 percent. What is the current price of this bond?

    FV = 1000; PMT = 75/2 = 37.5; N = 5 x 2 = 10; I/Y = 8.22 / 2 = 4.11 => PV = 970.96

  3. Determining Coupon Rate

    A six-year, semiannual coupon bond is selling for $991.38. The bond has a face value of $1,000 and a yield to maturity of 9.19
... Continue reading "Bond Valuation Problems and Solutions" »

Quantum Physics Problems: Waves, Particles, and Energy Levels

Classified in Physics

Written on in English with a size of 238.91 KB

1) A wave has the form Equation

When x = 0, the wavelength is

By applying continuity conditions at x = 0, find the amplitude Ax>0 (in terms of A) and phase Φ of the wave in the region x > 0. Use any variable or symbol stated above as necessary.

Equation

2) An electron is trapped in an infinite well of width L = 1.87nm. What are the three longest wavelengths permitted for the electron's de Broglie waves?

The wave function must be zero everywhere the potential is infinite. So the wave function is zero outside the well. Since the wave function must be continuous, the wave function inside the well must go to zero at the edges of the well. Thus, only certain discrete wavelengths are allowed.

Equation

3) A particle is described by the wave function ψ(x) = b(a2 - x2) for

... Continue reading "Quantum Physics Problems: Waves, Particles, and Energy Levels" »

Understanding Information Systems and Network Topologies

Classified in Computers

Written on in English with a size of 4.61 KB

1. Information System Definition and Functions

An information system is an organized system for the collection, organization, storage, and communication of information. It is the study of networks that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create, and distribute data. Essentially, it's a group of components that interact to produce information.

Objectives:

  • Efficient management of data and information
  • Improvement of business processes
  • Creation of value

The main functions are:

  • Capturing internal and external data
  • Data processing
  • Distributing information to users

2. Centralized vs. Distributed Information Systems

Centralized Systems

In a centralized system, all calculations are done on one particular computer.

Distributed Systems

In a distributed... Continue reading "Understanding Information Systems and Network Topologies" »

The American Revolution (1775-1783): A History

Classified in History

Written on in English with a size of 3.08 KB

The American Revolution (1775-1783)

Origins of the War

The American Revolutionary War, also known as the American War of Independence, was fought between Great Britain and the thirteen American colonies, which ultimately founded the United States of America. The war stemmed from the resistance of many Americans to taxes imposed by the British Parliament, which they deemed illegal.

The Boston Tea Party

A pivotal event in the escalating tensions was the Boston Tea Party, a political protest that took place in Boston on December 16, 1773. Rebels disguised as American Indians boarded ships carrying tea and destroyed an entire shipment sent in defiance of the Tea Act of 1773. They threw the tea into Boston Harbor, ruining it. The British government... Continue reading "The American Revolution (1775-1783): A History" »

Political Transformation: England's Limited Monarchy and the Age of Enlightenment

Classified in History

Written on in English with a size of 4.04 KB

The Parliamentary Monarchy in England

The King's power in England had been limited by the Parliament since the Middle Ages. The English Parliament was bicameral, made up of two houses:

  • The House of Lords: Composed of the clergy and nobles.
  • The House of Commons: Representing the cities and the bourgeoisie.

The 17th Century English Revolutions

The first Stuart kings attempted to impose an absolute monarchy in England. This ambition led to significant conflict.

The English Civil War and the Republic

Charles I imprisoned and executed his Parliament opponents, which led directly to a civil war. Charles I and his supporters were defeated, and the king was executed in 1649. A Republic, led by Oliver Cromwell, was subsequently proclaimed.

Restoration and the

... Continue reading "Political Transformation: England's Limited Monarchy and the Age of Enlightenment" »