Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Primary education

How Did the Universe Start?

The universe is everything that exists. Scientists estimate it could contain 100 billion galaxies. A galaxy is a large group of many stars and celestial bodies.

What Are Stars?

Stars are giant spheres of very hot gas. The Sun is the closest star to Earth.

Constellations

Constellations are visible at different times of the night. We see different constellations in the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.

Types of Galaxies

Spiral galaxies are disc-shaped, with arms.

Elliptical galaxies are oval-shaped.

Irregular galaxies have no defined shape.

Solar System

Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are inner planets. They are mostly made of rock.

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto are the outer planets. They are mostly... Continue reading "Exploring the Universe: Stars, Galaxies, and the Solar System" »

Erosion, Transport, and Sedimentation

Erosion: The process that wears out rocks on the surface with the help of ice, water, and humans. Plateaus are high plains resulting from the erosion process.

Transport: The movement of eroded materials.

Sedimentation: The deposition of materials in another location.

Landforms

Mountains and Valleys

Mountains: Elevated landforms with significant relief.

Mountain Ridges: Linear chains of connected mountain peaks.

Valleys: Elongated areas of low land between mountains.

Basins and Plains

Basin: Depressed areas where a river and its tributaries flow.

Plains: Areas of flat land with an elevation below 300m, often found near the coast or in river basins.

Plateaus and Depressions

Plateaus: High, raised areas of flat land.

Depressions:

Bram Stoker's Portrayal of Dracula

In this essay, I will analyze how Bram Stoker presents the character of Dracula in an excerpt from the novel. From the outset, it is evident that the author uses dramatic irony to inform the reader of the Count's malevolent nature beforehand.

Dracula's Imposing Presence

In the extract, the writer uses repetition and commas to portray Dracula as an evil character. This is evident in the line, "his face was strong, a very strong." This emphasizes that physical strength would appear threatening, especially during this era, as people believed that a person's behavior mirrored their appearance. The repetition of the phrase "very strong" exaggerates Harker's feeling of imposition in Dracula's presence. The use of commas... Continue reading "Bram Stoker's Dracula: Character Analysis" »

Conditionals

1) IF + Subject + Present Simple; Subject + Will + Verb (Infinitive). (If/Unless... Unless is never negative).

2) IF + Subject + Past Simple; Subject + Would + Verb (Infinitive). (Verbs must be in Present/Present).

3) IF + Subject + Past Perfect (Had + V.ed/3rd form); Subject + Would have + V.ed/3rd form. (Verbs must be in Past/Past).

SO: Starts with the first sentence.

BECAUSE: Starts with the second sentence.

I WISH/IF ONLY

I wish + Subject + (If the verb is in PRESENT/FUTURE, use PAST SIMPLE).

I wish + Subject + (If it's a behavior, use COULD/WOULD).

I wish + Subject + (If the verb is in PAST, it's a regret, use PAST PERFECT “HAD + V.ed/3rd form”).

Sentence Structures

1) Started + V.ing (ago) == Subject + have/has + been + V.ing +... Continue reading "English Grammar: Conditionals, Wishes, and Passive Voice" »

Doctrine of Indoor Management

The doctrine of indoor management allows outsiders who are dealing with company to assume that as far as the internal proceedings of company are concerned, everything has been properly done. This limitation to doctrine of constructive notice is known as doctrine of indoor management or Turquand rule.

*Royal British Bank vs Turquand 1856

Exceptions:

• Knowledge of irregularity
• Negligence
• Forgery

Prospectus

Is a document issued by the public company in order to invite the public to make offers for shares and debentures of the company. Any document described or issued as a prospectus or any notice, circular, ad, or other document inviting offers from public for subscription or purchase of any securities of a body corporate... Continue reading "Doctrine of Indoor Management and Prospectus Rules" »

Common Idioms and Their Usage

Capable
Many people believe that Edison is capable of winning the world championship in judo.

Gained
The burglars may have gained entry/access by forcing open a fire exit.

Get
I need to get my passport renewed because I'm going abroad this summer.

Wondering
I was wondering if you were willing to look after my dog while I'm away on holiday?

Point
I can see no point in that old computer being repaired.

Just
It's just as much fun singing in a choir as it is playing the drums.

Having
Clara denied having seen the missing letter.

Knowing
If he doesn't get that job, there's no knowing what he'll do!

Should
Under no circumstances should you let anyone else use your identity card.

Taken
An experienced accountant has taken over the... Continue reading "Mastering English Idioms: Improve Your Fluency" »

FORM AND METER:

-Iambic pentameter-Dickinson's poetry generally has a metrical sound close to that of Biblical hymns. The similarity of sound naturally draws a parallel between the content of hymn tunes and Dickinson's poems—both deal with deep questions about the nature of existence

-Ballad metre: iambic tetrameter+iambic trimeter (ABCB) → Church hymns-Four line-stanzas

-Capitalization of words,to emphasize certain concepts or ideas and draw the attention of the reader.

-Dashes and punctuation that causes the reader to stop and think.This goes hand in hand with the capitalization (emotional intensity).These create a fragmentary effect, which combined with the delicate language used throughout builds a feeling that we are hearing the speaker'... Continue reading "Emily Dickinson's Influence and Themes" »

Lecture 3: The Individual Businessperson

People: natural person who carries out a business activity in their own name and account. - Finances activity with personal funds or borrowing. - Capacity: must be of age and free to dispose of assets. - Particular Presumption: if a minor or incapacitated, representation is needed. Management: - Simple start-up process: no legal process required. - Investment: capital limits set by the entrepreneur. - Total control: bears all costs, management duties, investments. Disadvantages for individual businesses: 1. Taxing: pay more if profits are higher. 2. Liability for Debts: debtor is liable with all present and future assets. 3. Assets Subject to liability of the businessperson. 4. Economic Marriage Settlement:... Continue reading "Types of Business Entities and Legal Obligations" »

1 Steps to Elaborate a Job Description

Job title, duties, skills and competencies, relationships, salary

2 Skills for New Receptionist

For our receptionist positions we need certain skills, communication skill, multitasking skills, confidential, computer literacy, friendly, intelligent, tolerant and patient, professional, innovative, organized

3 Pre-Opening Plan

• Establish a positive image
• Let customers know you are opening for business
• Bring in customers or have them contact you
• Interest customers in your new company and your product or service

Ongoing Plan

• Explaining major features and benefits of your products
• Communicating information about seller
• Clearing up customers' questions and concerns
• Introducing new goods or services

4 Labor Union

Is an organization... Continue reading "Effective Strategies for Job Description and Product Promotion" »

Prosthetic Covering Areas

Primary (maxilla: palatal vault, retromolar tuberosity; Mandible: retromolar trigone, masseter and buccinator insertion, sublingual area). Secondary (alveolar process in PM and M area)

Preprosthetic Preparation

Non-surgical treatment: take a break from dentures; use tissue conditioners (hydroalcoholic resins, plastic, resilient, soft; non-irritant/non-toxic; liner over resin/hard prosthetic base; good recovery of irritated tissues by providing stability and uniform force distribution). Characteristics (low EM; dimensionally stable; good detail reproduction; deforms to compression; temporary material; aids retention; fungal atmosphere)

Patho Related to CD

Prosthetic Stomatitis - bad denture adaptation, poor oral hygiene,... Continue reading "Prosthetic Covering Areas and Construction of Complete Dentures" »