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Nervous and Endocrine Systems

The nervous system receives external and internal stimuli, interprets them, and decides an appropriate response. The response is executed by the effector organ or tissue. Nervous tissue is made up of cells called neurons.

Stimulus → Nervous System → Effectors → Muscles, Glands

Neuron Structure

• Cell body: The central part of the neuron.
• Dendrites: Extensions of the cell body. They receive the nerve impulse and transmit it to the cell body.
• Axon: A long fiber extending from the cell body. It transmits the nerve impulse to other neurons or effector cells.
• Myelin sheath: This layer protects the axon and increases the speed of the nerve impulse.
• Axon terminals: These are located at the end of the axon. They contain neurotransmitters,

Understanding Well-being and Personal Growth

Happiness: A Fleeting State

Happiness: A state of well-being and contentment characterized by feelings of joy, satisfaction, and pleasure. It is often seen as a temporary emotional state.

Fulfillment: A Deeper Sense of Purpose

Fulfillment: A deeper sense of satisfaction and contentment that comes from living a meaningful life, achieving personal goals, and feeling that one’s life has purpose. Fulfillment is more enduring and long-term compared to happiness.

Key Concepts for Well-being

Joy:

A feeling of great pleasure and happiness.

Gratitude:

A feeling of thankfulness and appreciation.

Relationships:

Connections or associations between individuals or groups.

Goals:

Desired outcomes or targets that individuals

Globalization's Impact on Economic Inequality

Globalization has created economic inequality between states. One way to analyze this imbalance is to consider each region's participation in the international division of labor. This categorizes countries based on their involvement in the manufacturing process.

Raw Materials

These countries are often the most underprivileged because raw materials have a low market value.

They often lack the industrial infrastructure to exploit these materials effectively. Major oil-producing countries are an exception due to the high cost of petroleum.

Manufactured Goods

Because goods production creates infrastructure and such products are worth more on the market, these countries become more developed. However, production... Continue reading "Globalization's Impact: Economic Shifts, Benefits, and Challenges" »

Characteristics: Persuasive Genre

Direct appeal to the audience to buy the product, using indirect strategies like metaphor, humor, and language play to engage the audience.

Advertising as a Multisemiotic Genre: Stages of an Advertisement

1. Lead

Locus of attention, typically an image that draws the reader's attention.

2. Display

The product or service advertised.

Explicit

The image shows the product.

Implicit

The image shows a different entity or idea.

3. Emblem

The brand name or logo.

4. Announcement

The most salient text, usually the slogan or catchy phrase conveying the main message.

5. Enhancer

Longer text with a description of product properties, typically persuasive.

6. Call and Visit Information

Contact details such as address, phone number, or website.... Continue reading "Advertising as a Multisemiotic Genre: Strategies and Features" »

Functions of a Financial Market

• Connecting Buyers and Sellers: Facilitates the meeting of buyers and sellers of financial assets without needing a physical location.
• Issuance and Exchange of Assets: Supports the creation (primary markets) and subsequent trading (secondary markets) of financial assets.
• Price Determination: Establishes the prices of financial assets through various pricing mechanisms, such as supply and demand or predetermined conditions.
• Public Information: Disseminates information about asset prices, trading mechanisms, and pricing systems.
• Providing Liquidity: Ensures that assets can be easily converted into cash without significant loss of value.
• Reducing Transaction Costs: Lowers the costs related to finding counterparts and determining

Study of Socioeconomic Problems and Needs: D: An analysis of socioeconomic needs is conducted to identify the issues that public funds should address.R: It is crucial to ensure that funds are allocated to areas that truly need them, aligning program objectives with the real needs of society.Issuance of Call for Proposals Terms and Conditions:D: Objectives, beneficiaries, eligible concepts, and deadlines of the call are defined.R: This stage ensures transparency and clarity in eligibility criteria and program objectives, facilitating the participation of companies and other interested parties.Publication of the Call:D: The call is made public so that interested parties can submit their applications.R: It is fundamental to ensure that all stakeholders... Continue reading "Public Funding Program Lifecycle: From Needs Analysis to Impact Assessment" »

Defining Communication

One possible definition: "To create and interpret messages that imply a potential answer" (Em Griffin)

Shannon-Weaver Model (1948)

In 1948, Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver developed the Mathematical Theory of Communication.

Elements: Sender, Message, Receiver, Code, Channel, Context, and Noise.

Organizational Theory

"An organization is a social institution in which its members carry out a series of activities, has a relatively stable structure over time, and tends towards certain goals" (Bernard Kliksberg)

Management Guru

PETER DRUCKER

Pioneers of Public Relations

Eduard Bernays

• Created the concept of "Public Relations advisor."
• Active career of 40 years working for large clients (Caruso, Eisenhower, General Motors...).
• First professor

Finding Belonging: A Migrant's Journey

The Challenge of "Country"

Initially, the concept of "country" seemed too broad. However, discussions revealed its potential for exploring the impact of place on identity and belonging. This piece delves into the complexities of migrating to an unfamiliar country, focusing on the search for security through employment.

A Migrant's Internal Struggles

The narrative aims to provide readers with a deeper understanding of the everyday challenges faced by migrants. It targets those who have personally experienced migration or know someone who has. The story is told from the first-person perspective of a woman grappling with isolation after arriving in Australia.

Inspiration and Literary Techniques

Inspired by "The... Continue reading "Finding Belonging: A Migrant's Journey of Identity and Employment" »

Social media has profoundly transformed the way we communicate and interact with the world. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have created virtual communities where information spreads at lightning speed, connecting people across the globe. This digital revolution facilitates the exchange of ideas and fosters global awareness, making it easier than ever to stay informed and engaged with current events and diverse perspectives.

The Double-Edged Sword of Social Media

However, this transformation is a double-edged sword. Social media poses significant challenges, such as:

• Misinformation
• Privacy breaches
• Addictive behaviors

The curated reality presented online often leads to unrealistic comparisons and mental health struggles, impacting... Continue reading "Social Media's Impact on Communication and Society" »