Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Other courses

Design Thinking Summary: Floresia Case Study

This summary of Case Study 2: Floresia’s Elderly Nutrition Crisis utilizes a Design Thinking framework, ideal for academic exam preparation.

1. Empathize

• Context: Floresia is a highly elderly-friendly country, historically ranked in the global top 5 for elder care.
• Current State: Despite government funding (2% of GDP) and clean, accessible canteens, nutritional statistics remain alarming.
• Demographics: 80% of elders live in old-age homes, relying heavily on subsidized meals.
• The Crisis: 60% suffer from poor nutrition, and 20% are malnourished.
• The Insight: Elders possess deep food knowledge—seasonal, regional, and traditional cooking.
• The Gap: While hygiene and accessibility are excellent, meals lack

Understanding Cloud Computing Fundamentals

In Cloud Computing, the term "cloud" refers to a network of remote servers accessed over the internet. These servers provide various computing resources such as storage, processing power, and applications to end-users. The cloud infrastructure is owned and maintained by a cloud service provider, allowing users to access resources on-demand without managing or maintaining the underlying physical infrastructure.

Types of Cloud Deployments

There are three main types of clouds in Cloud Computing:

• Public Cloud

  A public cloud is a cloud infrastructure owned and operated by a third-party cloud service provider. Its resources are shared across multiple customers, who access services over the internet. Public clouds

Cost Classification and Analysis for Business Success

Understanding Cost Classifications

Costs can be classified in several ways, providing different insights for business decision-making:

• Function: Such as the department incurring the cost (e.g., production, administration).
• Type: Categorized as Direct or Indirect costs.
• Behavior: How costs react to changes in output, including Fixed, Variable, and Semi-Variable costs.
• Time: Costs associated with a specific period (e.g., period costs).

Direct Costs (Prime Costs)

Direct Costs are expenses that can be easily and directly related to the production of a specific item or service. They are also known as prime costs. For example, the salaries of employees working directly in a production department or the... Continue reading "Cost Classification, Costing Methods, and Break-Even Analysis" »

Our Solar System

The Sun is the center of the place we call the Solar System. The eight planets that orbit the Sun are:

• Mercury
• Venus
• Earth
• Mars
• Jupiter
• Saturn
• Uranus
• Neptune

There are also five additional celestial bodies classified as dwarf planets. The five recognized dwarf planets are Ceres, Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, and Eris.

The Sun

The Sun is a large ball of hydrogen, helium, and plasma. It is around four and a half billion years old and appears white in color from space. Its real name is Sol. From Earth, it appears to move along an imaginary line called the Ecliptic.

The Planets

Mercury

Mercury is the smallest planet and the closest to the Sun. You could fit 19 Mercurys inside Earth. It is gray in color and lacks an atmosphere, moons, and a ring system.... Continue reading "Planets, Moons, and Stars in Our Solar System" »

Entering the Heart: Erythrocytes (RBCs)

begin their journey returning from the body through the superior vena cava (from the upper body) or inferior vena cava (from the lower body), which are large veins that carry deoxygenated blood into the heart. The blood enters the right atrium of the heart.

2. Right Atrium to Right Ventricle: From the right atrium, the RBCs pass through the tricuspid valve (a one-way valve) into the right ventricle.

3. Right Ventricle to Pulmonary Circulation:

When the right ventricle contracts, the RBCs are pushed through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary trunk. The pulmonary trunk splits into the right and left pulmonary arteries, which carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs. The RBC travels through these arteries to... Continue reading "The Journey of Erythrocytes: From Heart to Lungs and Back" »

Key Plot Developments in the Montbarry Mystery

• Henry agreed with the other club members that Montbarry’s death seemed suspicious.
• Mr. Troy was unable to persuade Emily that Countess Narona had no ill intentions.
• Due to a deception, Dr. Bruno was led to believe that Montbarry’s death had been natural.
• The Countess returned to Venice after she started suffering from visions and paranoia.
• The only person who trusted Agnes’ story about the severed head was Dr. Bruno.

Critical Questions and Answers on the Montbarry Case

Countess's Safety in Venice from Agnes

The Countess assumed that Agnes would never come to Venice because of everything that had happened related to Montbarry’s death.

Dr. Bruno's Certainty About Montbarry

Dr. Bruno was sure because... Continue reading "Montbarry Mystery: Key Plot Points and Character Insights" »

Common Examples of Modal Verbs in Sentences

1. She may have left her keys at home.
2. He can solve complex math problems easily.
3. You needn't have bought a gift.
4. They must have misunderstood the instructions.
5. We may use calculators during the exam.
6. I shouldn't have spoken to her like that.
7. He might not have heard the alarm this morning.
8. She can play the piano beautifully.
9. They didn't have to wait for us.
10. She must have completed the project by now.
11. They might have missed the train.
12. He had to finish the report by Friday.
13. We shouldn't have ignored his advice.
14. She could speak three languages fluently.
15. You needn't have called me so late.
16. They might not have received our message.
17. He must have known about the meeting.
18. We may leave early today.
19. I shouldn't have forgotten her

UNIT 1: General Startup & Financing Concepts

Core Startup Terminology

• Startup: A newly founded company focused on developing and scaling a new product, service, or business model under high uncertainty. Prioritizes rapid growth, innovation, and scalability.
• Scaleup: A startup that has achieved Product-Market Fit (PMF) and is now in rapid growth mode. Focuses on expansion, hiring, and market dominance, often raising Series B or later-stage funding.
• Spinoff: A company originating from an existing organization (corporation, university, or research institution) to commercialize a technology, product, or service developed within the parent entity. Operates independently but may have early-stage backing from the parent.
• Venture Builder: An organization

Environmental Laws

Republic Act No. 6969 — Toxic Substances Act

Republic Act No. 6969 (Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990)

Regulates toxic substances and hazardous waste.

Penalties: Fines up to ₱500,000 or imprisonment (6–12 years).

Republic Act No. 8749 — Philippine Clean Air Act

Republic Act No. 8749 (Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999)

Establishes air pollution control policies.

Penalties: Fines of ₱10,000–₱100,000 per day; suspension of permits.

Republic Act No. 9003 — Ecological Solid Waste Management

Republic Act No. 9003 (Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000)

Implements solid waste management programs.

Penalties: Fines of ₱1,000–₱1,000,000; suspension of permits.

Republic Act No. 9275