Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Music

Literary Terms and Concepts

Poetry

TB page 256

• Meter: Systematic arrangement of stressed/unstressed syllables.
• Foot: One stressed and one or more unstressed syllables.

TB page 407

• Exact Rhyme: Two or more words with identical sounds.
• Slant Rhyme: Two or more words with similar sounds.
• Paradox: A statement that seems contradictory but actually presents the truth.

Literary Devices

TB page 270

• Parable: A story that teaches a moral lesson.
• Ambiguity: Uncertain meaning in a story created by using a symbol with different interpretations.

TB page 364

• Figures of Speech: Language used imaginatively, but not literally.
• Synecdoche: The use of a part of something to stand for the whole.

Literary Movements and Schools

Gothic Literature (TB page 291)

Five Elements of Gothic... Continue reading "Literary Terms and Concepts Glossary" »

Rano kršćanstvo i progoni kršćana

1. Središta: Jeruzalem (Jakov), Antiohija, Rim (Petar). Apostol progona: Pavao.
2. Progon kršćana: Nastao zbog odbijanja carskog kulta. Prvi progoni: car Neron, 64. godine. Najkrvaviji progoni: car Dioklecijan.
3. Sloboda kršćanstva: Milanski edikt 313. godine (car Konstantin).

Srednjovjekovno redovništvo i raskol

5. Benediktinci: Osnovani 528. godine na Monte Cassinu.
6. Pravilo: Ora et labora (Moli i radi).
7. Prvi crkveni raskol: Borba Rima i Carigrada za prvenstvo u Crkvi (1054. godine).
8. Križarski ratovi: Vođeni radi oslobođenja Svete zemlje od islama. Održano je ukupno 8 ratova (1099. – 1270.).
9. Inkvizicija: Crkvena organizacija osnovana za borbu protiv krivovjerja.
10. Vrste inkvizicije: Rimska i španjolska inkvizicija

Needed Me

I was good on my own, that's the way it was, that's the way it was.
You were good on the low for a faded fuck, on some faded love.
Shit, what the fuck are you complaining for?
Feeling jaded, huh?

Verse 2

Used to trip off that shit I was kicking to you.
Had some fun on the run though, I give it to you.
But baby, don't get it twisted:
You were just another nigga on the hit list.
Trying to fix your inner issues with a bad bitch.
Didn't they tell you that I was a savage?
Fuck your white horse and carriage.
Bet you never could imagine.
Never told you you could have it.

Chorus

You needed me.
Ooh, you needed me.
To feel a little more, and give a little less.
Know you hate to confess.
But baby, ooh, you needed me.

Verse 3

You've been rolling around,... Continue reading "Savage Confidence: Needed Me and Sex With Me Lyrics" »

The Essence of Hip Hop Culture

Hip Hop is an artistic and cultural movement composed of a large conglomerate of artistic forms. It is characterized by four elements, which represent different manifestations of culture: Rap (Oral: reciting or singing), Turntablism or "DJing" (auditory or musical), Breaking (Body: dance), and Graffiti (visual: painting). Despite their varied and contrasting methods of implementation, these elements are often associated with the poverty and violence that underpinned the historical context giving rise to the subculture.

Hip Hop's Roots: Self-Expression in Urban New York

For young people in the urban poor areas of New York, Hip Hop offered a reactionary outlet against inequalities and hardships. Initially, it functioned... Continue reading "Hip Hop: Culture, Elements, and Music's Profound Influence" »

Essential Literary Terms and Definitions

Definitions for key literary devices and concepts found on textbook pages 18, 35, 123, 137, 156, 168, and 198.

• Assonance: The repetition of similar vowel sounds in unrhymed, stressed syllables.
• Alliteration: The repetition of initial consonant sounds in stressed syllables.
• Elegy: A formal poem mourning the loss of someone or something important.
• Folk Epic: A long narrative poem originating from ancient times, about heroes, typically recited or sung, and passed orally from generation to generation (e.g., Beowulf).
• Literary Epic: A long narrative poem about heroes, originally written by an individual author (e.g., Homer's Odyssey).
• Epic Conventions: Traditional characteristics or features found in epic poetry.

The Classical Music Era

Classic is considered to be top-class, first-rate, and of lasting value. It signifies a style that emphasizes grace and simplicity, beauty of line and shape, balance and proportion, order and control. The Classical music period is broadly divided into two categories: the Classical period itself and its precursors/influences. The Classical period (C) is generally considered to have been composed between approximately 1750 and 1820, with key figures like Haydn and Mozart.

Key Stylistic Features

• Style Galant: A courtly style primarily intended to please the listener. Much of the music from this period can be lacking in depth, but it is polished, polite, and extremely elegant.
• Later Classical Music Style: This style matured

Irregular Verbs: Base, Past, Past Participle, Spanish

This table lists each verb's base form, past simple, past participle, and the Spanish translation. All original forms and variants are preserved.

Notes:

1. Pop Music

What is Pop Music?

• A genre of popular music originating in the 1950s.
• Derived from Rock and Roll.
• Often borrows from other genres like dance, urban, and rock.

Structure of Pop Music: 32-Bar AABA

• Also known as 32-bar form, American Songbook, or ballad form.
• Common in jazz standards and still found in pop music (often modified).
• Each letter (AABA) represents 4x8 (or 8 bars).
• A: Main melody; the 2nd A can be identical, similar, or a response.
• B: Middle eight or bridge, usually contrasting with A. Example: "Somewhere Over the Rainbow."

Voices in Pop

• In Harmony: Singing different notes that harmonize.
• In Unison: All singing the same notes.
• Descant: Singing a higher part in time with the main tune.
• Call and Response: Repeating the lead vocalist or

1. This individual is sometimes viewed as the “father” of big band swing: Fletcher Henderson
2. The practice of pitting one section against another in alternating patterns is called: antiphonal voicing
3. Which of the following in NOT a feature of Count Basie’s solo style toward the end of his career: Long, complicated melodies in right hand
4. This Ellington sideman came to be known as the father of the jazz bass solo: Jimmy Blanton
5. This swing artist was discovered at a talent contest at Harlem’s Apollo Theater: Ella Fitzgerald
6. The famous nickname given to Billie Holiday by her close friend Lester Young was: Lady Day
7. The two most prominent alto saxophone players of the swing period were Johnny Hodges and: Benny Carter
8. Coleman Hawkins’ most famous recording