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Mastering Reported Speech: Tense, Modals & More

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Reported Speech: Mastering the Rules

Reported speech, also known as indirect speech, involves changes to verb tenses, modal verbs, possessive adjectives, and expressions of time and place. These changes primarily occur in declarative and interrogative sentences (statements and questions).

Tense Changes in Reported Speech

TenseDirect SpeechReported Speech
Present SimpleJohn said: “I'm exhausted”John said that he was exhausted.
Present ContinuousJohn said: “I’m working too hard”John said that he was working too hard.
Past SimpleJohn said: “I worked too hard”John said he had worked too hard.
Past ContinuousJohn said: “I was working too hard”John said he had been working too hard.
Present PerfectJohn said: “I’ve worked too hard”John
... Continue reading "Mastering Reported Speech: Tense, Modals & More" »

Scholarship Application - University of Michigan

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Santiago, November 2nd, 2022

Honorable Michigan Scholarships and Admissions Committee

Respected members of the scholarship and admissions committee,

My name is Carla Toro Núñez, a final-year engineering student majoring in finance. I am writing to apply for a scholarship to finish my studies at the University of Michigan. I believe this opportunity would allow me to perfect my fluency in English, learn more about American culture, and contribute to your prestigious university.

I am drawn to the United States for its robust economy and the opportunities it presents. It would be an honor to be a member of your community and contribute to your country.

Multiple Intelligences Theory: A Guide for Educators

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Multiple Intelligences Theory: A Comprehensive Guide for Educators

1. The Importance of Active Learning in Multiple Intelligences

Active learning is crucial for effectively addressing the diverse learning styles and multiple intelligences of students. Traditional one-size-fits-all approaches fail to cater to the unique strengths and needs of each individual. By embracing active learning, educators can create a more inclusive and equitable learning environment.

2. Understanding the Multiple Intelligences Theory

The multiple intelligences theory, originating in psychology, emphasizes the idea that individuals possess different intellectual strengths. This theory challenges the notion that intelligence is a singular, fixed entity. Instead, it suggests

... Continue reading "Multiple Intelligences Theory: A Guide for Educators" »

High School Experience: Student Life & English Language Skills

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My High School Journey: First Impressions & Learning

Initial Impressions of the Institute

When I arrived at high school, my first impression was that it looked small. I could not understand how the institute could accommodate so many students. However, once you walk inside, you quickly understand why, and you'll probably get lost during the first few days!

Classroom Experience and Teachers

In class, I hardly knew anyone initially, but I was lucky to reconnect with former classmates from other institutes. The classes are very entertaining, and the teachers genuinely enjoy what they are teaching. This means it won't be difficult to get your questions answered, as you'll always understand the concepts.

There are some classes that last for two hours... Continue reading "High School Experience: Student Life & English Language Skills" »

The Impact of Technology on Teenagers and the Importance of Adult Role Modeling

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The Impact of Technology on Teenagers

People often believe that teenagers' use of new technologies is detrimental to their socialization. However, the author argues that all new technological devices have historically caused concern among parents. In reality, social scientists suggest that digital life offers numerous advantages.

Adult Responsibility and Role Modeling

Parents can play a crucial role in guiding their children's technology use by setting a positive example. Parents who constantly use their phones and neglect reading are likely to raise children who exhibit similar behaviors. It is essential for adults to examine their own technology habits and demonstrate responsible usage.

Michael Schumacher: A Controversial Legacy in Formula 1

Early

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International Perspectives: Education, Philanthropy, and Community Happiness

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JUNE 2018 OPCIÓN A

1.

In Britain, some towns are relaxed, friendly, happy places. These communities welcome dogs, cyclists, and tourists, and not only because they boost the local economy! Many have thriving businesses such as pubs and shops. Visitors and residents alike can enjoy the beautiful countryside and interesting activities like drama.

2.

  1. TRUE. “The town is an example of a community that relies on tourism”
  2. FALSE. “the smiles of welcome get broader the further north in the county you travel.”
  3. TRUE. “it was voted happiest town last year, too.”
  4. FALSE. Taunton “an idiosyncratic community”. Plymouth “a good mix of people from many countries”

3.

  1. greet
  2. winner
  3. countryside
  4. friendliness

4.

  1. prefer
  2. country
  3. cycle
  4. building

5.

  1. A community that
... Continue reading "International Perspectives: Education, Philanthropy, and Community Happiness" »

Travel Abroad: Expanding Horizons and Immersing in Culture

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An Opinion Essay: The Benefits of Traveling Abroad

Nowadays, many people enjoy traveling. Some prefer to explore their own country, while others venture abroad. But is it truly better to travel to a foreign land? Let's delve into the advantages.

Expanding Your Cultural Horizons

Firstly, traveling to another country offers an unparalleled opportunity to immerse yourself in a new culture. You'll encounter different traditions and customs, broadening your understanding of the world. Moreover, you'll have the chance to practice another language, enhancing your communication skills.

Creating Lasting Memories and Connections

Secondly, traveling abroad allows you to connect with people from diverse backgrounds, forging new friendships and expanding your... Continue reading "Travel Abroad: Expanding Horizons and Immersing in Culture" »

Everyday English: Notes, Invitations, and Formal Emails

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Notes and Invitations

Thank You Note:

Note of thanks: Hogas

Hi Phillipa,
I've had a great time.
I've fed the cat.
I was feeding the cat all day, and the cat was good.
I was given the keys to the porter or the neighbor.
I have keys on the table.
I've bought eggs because I ate them for breakfast.
Thank you very much.


Apology Note:

Arriving to a friend's house but not being able to welcome them:
Hi Ana,
Sorry, I'm not here to welcome you.
Make yourself at home and help yourself to anything in the fridge.
There's tea and coffee in the cupboard above the cooker.
I've made the bed for you in the end room.
Feel free to have a shower and turn the heating on.
Back from work at 5.

Carlos

Cinema Invitation:


Hi Mark,
"Avengers: Age of Ultron" is coming out this weekend.
... Continue reading "Everyday English: Notes, Invitations, and Formal Emails" »

Study Abroad, Sixth Form, or Vocational Training?

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Studying Abroad: Benefits and Drawbacks

Most students are tired of routine and want to continue studying, but in other places. Therefore, studying abroad could be a way to break the routine for many students and learn new things. Are there more advantages than disadvantages to studying abroad?

On the one hand, not everyone can afford to study abroad. Firstly, the price of accommodation is getting higher, which makes it difficult for some families to pay for this expense. Also, if the student does not work, their parents have to pay for everything. Secondly, studying abroad can be hard, as it separates you from your loved ones, friends, and family for a long time. If you do not master the language of the country well, it will be difficult to relate... Continue reading "Study Abroad, Sixth Form, or Vocational Training?" »

Practical English for Hospitality and Leisure

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Restaurant Menu Selections

Discover a delightful array of dishes from our carefully curated menu:

Starters

  • Soup of the Day
  • Chicken Liver Pâté
  • A Selection of Cheeses

Main Courses

  • Fillet Steak
  • Sea Bass
  • Mushroom Risotto

Desserts

  • Ice Cream
  • Chocolate Cheesecake
  • Seasonal Fruit Compote

A Winter Wonderland Story

It was nearly Christmas. Katie woke up and found that the world was white and magical. "Snow!" she shouted. She ran outside and danced on the snow. Her brother, Eddie, came out too.

Restaurant Reservation Dialogue

Here's a typical phone conversation for booking a table at a restaurant:

Restaurant: Welcome to Yatakiru. How may I help you today?

You: I would like to make a reservation.

Restaurant: What day do you want to come in?

You: Tomorrow at 9 PM.

Restaurant:

... Continue reading "Practical English for Hospitality and Leisure" »