Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for English

Chapter 10: The Substance of the Shadow

Mr. Lorry and Jerry Cruncher

Mr. Jarvis Lorry is appalled to discover Jerry Cruncher's illegal side hustle as a body snatcher. He threatens to report Jerry upon their return to England. Jerry defends himself, citing their long working relationship and the hypocrisy of potentially accusing him while medical doctors who bank at Tellson's might be doing similar things. Jerry proposes that his son take over his position at Tellson's, allowing him to become a gravedigger and make amends. Lorry softens slightly, demanding to see Jerry's repentance "in action—not in words."

Sydney Carton's Farewell

Sydney Carton emerges after speaking with Barsad and bids the spy farewell. He informs Lorry that he has secured... Continue reading "A Tale of Two Cities: Book 3, Chapter 10 Summary" »

Tattoos: History and Cultural Significance

The discovery of mummies with tattoos is thought to be evidence that the Polynesians began adorning their bodies after World War II. Tattoos have been used to reduce laughter, show bravery, and communicate about oneself.

How Are Tattoos Created?

A falling rock hit him while skiing up in the mountains.

Who Inspired the “Game of Thrones” Creator?

George R. R. Martin has always maintained that "Game of Thrones," a best-seller, was inspired by historical events.

I wish I was on a desert island right now.

Mary suggested going to the cinema on Tuesday.

When do you have to wear a uniform?

La Tomatina: A Unique Spanish Festival

La Tomatina is a popular festival that succeeds globally, attracting people who enjoy... Continue reading "Tattoo History, Cyberbullying, Tourism, and More" »

Conditional Sentences

Zero - Permanent actions

If (Pr. S), (Pr. S)

If we heat water to 100C, it boils.

1rst - Probable actions

(Will + V) if (Pr S.)

We'll go boating if it doesn't rain

2nd - Unlikely or imaginary actions

(If + Past. S), (Would + V)

If I won the lotto, I would buy a house

3rd - Impossible actions

(Would have + Participle) if (Past Perfect)

You would have met Kevin if you had come to the cinema with us

Reported Speech

DIRECT SPEECH                                                 INDIRECT SPEECH

PR. SIMPLE                                                         PS. SIMPLE

He said, "I want to watch a film"         He said that he wanted to watch a film

PR. CONTINUOUS                

James Conway loves money. He has companies in many countries. James Conway is a rapacious person. James Conway takes a new job in Haiti. He meets a woman whose name is Karen Jackson on the plane to Haiti. After a short conversation, he learns that Karen Jackson is a doctor and she is going to Haiti to collect information for her book about Voodoo Island. James thinks it as nonsense. But the woman says there were some people who believed in Voodoo and that it might be true; and gives some information about Voodoo. But the man does not care. When the woman goes to the bathroom, Conway takes the book and sees Baron Samedi is mentioned in the book. He learns that Baron Samedi is the strongest and the most dangerous voodoo doctor, and that he is... Continue reading "Baron Samedi: A Voodoo Island Horror Story" »

My Free Time in Valencia

When I have free time, I usually spend it doing outdoor activities. I go for a walk, cycle, visit a river with my friends, walk on the beach, or enjoy a meal on a terrace.

Valencia is sunny almost every day, and I enjoy doing all these activities outdoors. In summer, because it is too hot, I avoid going out in the morning to very hot places. Instead, I take the opportunity to go to a restaurant, the cinema, or air-conditioned shopping centers.

At night, I go to bed late because the heat makes it difficult to sleep, so I take advantage of the time and go out with my friends for a beer, go to a pub, or do something outdoors.

When I have several days off, I also like to go camping. If I have a few days off, I go to Teruel,... Continue reading "Valencia & Portugal: Outdoor Activities and Travel Adventures" »

El sábado en mi casa, mis padres y yo discutimos muy fuertemente por las notas de todo el curso. Entre la mañana del sábado en casa, mis padres encontraron las notas en la basura. Después de eso, mis padres, al ver el 7 de suspensión, se sintieron terribles. Pasamos una hora discutiendo y luego les dije que en las recuperaciones tenía que aprobar, ellos se pusieron un poco más felices. ¡Quiero que llegue la próxima semana! Quiero ir a Ibiza por una semana con mis amigos.

Plan de viaje a Ibiza

Lo primero que haremos al llegar será ir al hotel. Y por la noche iremos a una discoteca a bailar y cantar en una fiesta. ¡La rutina de casi todos los días será de fiesta y playa! Nadaremos y bucearemos. Seguramente no nos aburriremos. ¡Nos... Continue reading "Recuperación de notas y viaje a Ibiza con amigos" »

Here are examples of active sentences transformed into passive voice:

1. Active: The con artist cheated many people.

   Passive: Many people were cheated by the con artist.

2. Active: The actors are promoting these products today.

   Passive: These products are being promoted today by the actors.

3. Active: Someone cashed this check on July 14.

   Passive: This check was cashed on July 14.

4. Active: We have to hire more workers.

   Passive: More workers have to be hired.

5. Active: They haven't shown that TV advertisement yet.

   Passive: That TV advertisement hasn't been shown yet.

6. Active: The boss has promised the workers a raise in salary.

   Passive: A raise in salary has been promised to the workers by the boss.

7. Active: Nancy should tell her parents the truth.

   Passive: The truth should

• Chapter 1: The Bennets

  Mr. and Mrs. Bennet have five daughters. Mrs. Bennet is eager to marry them off and is very unsubtle about it. When a rich young man named Bingley moves into the neighborhood, she hopes he will marry one of her girls.

• Chapter 2: New Neighbors

  Mr. Bennet formally visits Mr. Bingley. Shortly afterward, his daughters meet Bingley and his friend Mr. Darcy at a ball. Darcy is rude to Elizabeth.

• Chapter 3: Jane's Admirer

  Jane Bennet and Mr. Bingley seem to be falling in love. Mr. Darcy is becoming interested in Elizabeth. Jane is invited to dine with the Bingleys and falls ill. Elizabeth joins her. Bingley's family expresses the opinion that a gentleman could never marry Jane due to her family's lower social standing.

• Chapter 4: