Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Computers

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Understanding the Internet: Connecting, Browsing, and Exploring

Classified in Computers

Written at on English with a size of 4.03 KB.

The internet is a worldwide system of interconnected computer networks. When you connect your computer to the internet via your Internet Service Provider (ISP), you become part of the ISP's network. The World Wide Web (WWW or 'web' for short) is the part of the internet that you can access using a web browser such as Internet Explorer or Firefox. It consists of a large number of web servers that host websites. Each website will normally consist of a number of web pages. A web page can contain text, images, video, animation, and sound.

An intranet is a network that works like the internet but is only available within a particular organization, not to the public. An intranet may have web pages used to share company-specific data within that company,

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Theory of Computation: Automata, and Regular Expressions

Classified in Computers

Written at on English with a size of 3.97 KB.

Theory of Computation

Automata Theory

Automata theory is a theoretical branch of computer science and mathematics that deals with the logic of computation using simple machines called automata. The main goal of automata theory is to develop methods for describing and analyzing the dynamic behavior of discrete systems. Automata consist of states (represented by circles) and transitions (represented by arrows).

Finite Automata

A finite automaton is an abstract computing device and a mathematical model of a system with discrete input, output, states, and a set of transitions between states that occur on input symbols from an alphabet. Finite automata are the simplest machines for pattern recognition, used to characterize regular languages, analyze... Continue reading "Theory of Computation: Automata, and Regular Expressions" »

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Data Manipulation and Visualization with R and the nycflights13 Dataset

Classified in Computers

Written at on English with a size of 3.64 KB.

library(nycflights13)
library(tidyverse)

Data Manipulation with dplyr

Ordering Rows with arrange()

arrange(flights, year, month, day)
arrange(flights, desc(arr_delay))

Handling NAs

df <- tibble(x = c(5, 2, NA))
arrange(df, x)
arrange(df, desc(x))

Selecting Columns with select()

select(flights, year, month, day)
select(flights, year:day)
select(flights, -(year:day))
rename(flights, mes = month)
select(flights, time_hour, air_time, everything())

Creating New Variables with mutate()

flights_sml <- select(flights, year:day, ends_with("delay"), distance, air_time)
mutate(flights_sml, gain = arr_delay - dep_delay, speed = distance / air_time * 60)

Creating Functions with Vector Arguments

transmute(flights, dep_time, hour = dep_time %/% 100, minute = dep_time %
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Asteriscos, Ceros, Sheet Title, Code Sample, Romanos

Classified in Computers

Written at on English with a size of 6.68 KB.

ASTERISCOS
DIM T, A, LETRA AS STRING
CLS
A = ""
PRINT "DAME UN TEXTO"
DO
    SLEEP
    LETRA = INKEY$
    IF ASC(LETRA) <> 13 THEN
        PRINT "*";
        A = A + LETRA
    END IF
LOOP UNTIL ASC(LETRA) = 13
LOCATE 3, 2
PRINT A

CEROS

C = 0
S = 0
DO
    CO = N \ 10
    R = N MOD 10
    IF R <> 0 THEN
        S = S + R * (10 ^ C)
        C = C + 1
    END IF
    N = CO
LOOP UNTIL CO = 0 

heet Title

CLS
DO
    PRINT "DAME UN TEXTO"
    INPUT T
    L = LEN(T)
LOOP UNTIL L > 0
A = ""
FOR P = 1 TO L
    LETRA = MID$(T, P, 1)
    SELECT CASE UCASE$(LETRA)
        CASE IS = "A", "E", "I", "O", "U"
            A = A + "*"
        CASE ELSE
   
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Digital Logic Design: Examples in VHDL

Classified in Computers

Written at on English with a size of 5.88 KB.

Behavioral Architecture of a State Machine

This VHDL code describes the behavioral architecture of a state machine.

TYPE tipo_estado IS (DET0, DET0a1, DET1a0, DET1);
signal Estado_actual : tipo_estado;
signal Estado_siguiente : tipo_estado;
begin
Registro_estado: process (clk, reset)
begin
if reset='1' then Estado_actual <= DET0;
elsif (clk'event and clk='1') then
Estado_actual <= Estado_siguiente;
end if;
end process Registro_estado;
Cambio_Estado: process (Dato, Estado_actual)
begin
Estado_siguiente <= Estado_actual;
case Estado_actual is
when DET0 => if (Dato='1') then Estado_siguiente <= DET0a1;
else Estado_siguiente <= DET0;
end if;
when DET0a1 => if (Dato='1') then Estado_siguiente <= DET1;
else Estado_siguiente <= DET1a0;
end if;
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Microcontrollers: Architecture, Instruction Sets, and Interfacing

Classified in Computers

Written at on English with a size of 3.86 KB.

Microcontrollers, Microcomputers, and Microprocessors

Microcontroller: Processor, memory, and I/O ports integrated on a single chip.

Microcomputer: A small computer.

Microprocessor: Example: Intel x86.

Von Neumann Architecture

Components:

  • Processor (Control Unit, ALU, Registers)
  • Memory (RAM - Volatile, ROM - Non-Volatile)
  • I/O

A single bus interconnects the processor, memory, and I/O.

RISC vs. CISC

FeatureCISCRISC
Instruction SetComplex Instruction Set ComputerReduced Instruction Set Computer
InstructionsMulti-cycle, complex instructionsMostly single-cycle, reduced instructions
Instruction TypesMany, varying lengthFew, fixed length
ComplexityHardwareSoftware
Code SizeSmallLarge
ExamplesIntel (x86), Freescale 9S12MIPS, ARM, SPARC, PowerPC

RAM vs. ROM vs. CPU Register

FeatureRAMROM
ElaborationRandom
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Pascal Movie Database Management Procedures

Classified in Computers

Written at on English with a size of 8.83 KB.

Pascal Movie Database Management

This document details several procedures written in Pascal for managing a movie database. The database is stored in a file of records, where each record represents a movie.

Data Structure

The code defines a pelicula (movie) record with the following fields:

  • codigo: integer (Movie ID)
  • genero: string (Genre)
  • nombre: string (Title)
  • duracion: integer (Duration)
  • director: string (Director)
  • copias: integer (Number of Copies)
  • precio: real (Price)

A constant valoralto is defined as 9999, used as a sentinel value.

And the file is defined as:

maestro= file of pelicula ;

Procedures

leerp(var p: pelicula)

Reads movie data from the input (keyboard) and stores it in the pelicula record p. It reads the codigo first. If it's not equal to... Continue reading "Pascal Movie Database Management Procedures" »

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3-D Cube Transformations in OpenGL

Posted by aditya dani and classified in Computers

Written at on English with a size of 2.54 KB.

Write C++/Java program to draw 3-D cube and perform following transformations on it using OpenGL.

Scaling

#include // Include the GLUT header file

void display (void) {

glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Clear the background of our window to blue

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); // Clear the colour buffer (more buffers later on)

glLoadIdentity(); // Load the Identity Matrix to reset our drawing locations

glTranslatef(0.3f, 0.3f,-6.0f); // Push everything 5 units back into the scene, otherwise we won't see the primitive

//glScalef(0.5f, 1.0f, 2.0f); // Make the shape half as wide, the same height and twice as deep

glutWireCube(2.0f); // Render the primitive

glLoadIdentity(); // Load the Identity Matrix to reset our drawing locations

glTranslatef(0.0f,... Continue reading "3-D Cube Transformations in OpenGL" »

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Az305

Classified in Computers

Written at on English with a size of 4.37 KB.

Azure Service: Azure Application Gateway & Feature: Web Application Firewall | Size recommended workloads azure: None | Recommend Fabrikam permissions to Application1: AzureAd, access review of Application1 | Solution C# response Event Grid: AzFunctions in consumption plan | Solution host App1 in Azure: load balancer and vm scale set two zones | Solution: deploy VM scale set: NO | Recommend manage HPC cluster node: CycleCloud | Solution: Traffic Analytics in Network Watcher: NO | Solution: Network Watcher to run IP flow: YES | Recommend  XML messages: Service Bus | Storage Tier: Premium & Redundancy: ZRS | Routing method: Traffic Manager & Routing config: Priority traffic routing | Store copy company files from Server1 to Store1:
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Methods for Storing Data in a Database

Classified in Computers

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Different Means of Storing Data

  • Regular Table
  • Partitioned Table
  • Index-Organized Table
  • Clustered Table

Regular Table

A regular table, generally referred to as a 'table', is the most commonly used form of storing user data. The database administrator has very limited control over the distribution of rows in an un-clustered table. Rows can be stored in any order depending on the activity on the table.

Partitioned Table

A partitioned table enables the building of scalable applications. It has one or more partitions, each of which stores rows that have been partitioned using range partitioning, hash partitioning, composite partitioning, or list partitioning. Partitions are useful for large tables that can be queried or manipulated using several processes... Continue reading "Methods for Storing Data in a Database" »

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