Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Arts and Humanities

Literary devices Jane Austen uses in her novel Pride and Prejudice.

Dramatic Irony

Definition: In literature, a plot device in which the audience’s or reader’s knowledge of events or individuals surpasses that of the characters. The words and actions of the characters therefore take on a different meaning for the audience or reader than they have for the characters. This may happen when, for example, a character reacts in an inappropriate or foolish way or when a character lacks self-awareness and thus acts under false assumptions.

Alliteration

Definition: Alliteration is a literary device where words are used in quick succession and begin with letters belonging to the same sound group. Whether it is the consonant sound or a specific vowel... Continue reading "Literary Devices in Pride and Prejudice" »

PL/SQL Package: gestionEmpleados Specification

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE gestionEmpleados
AS
  -- Cursor to get average salary per department
  CURSOR curMediaSueldo IS
    SELECT AVG(salario) "media", dept_no 
    FROM emple 
    GROUP BY dept_no;

  -- Cursor to select all employees
  CURSOR curEmpleados IS 
    SELECT * 
    FROM emple;

  -- Cursor to select all departments
  CURSOR curDepartamentos IS 
    SELECT * 
    FROM depart;

  -- Package variables
  nombre VARCHAR2(40);
  media NUMBER;
  departamento VARCHAR2(20);

  -- Function declaration to get department name
  FUNCTION nomDepart(numeroDpt depart.dept_no%TYPE) 
    RETURN gestionEmpleados.departamento%TYPE;

END gestionEmpleados;

PL/SQL Package Body: gestionEmpleados

CREATE OR

The Coming of International Relations

The First Great Debate

The emergence of international relations as a distinct field of study is intertwined with the rise of social sciences like economics, sociology, and political science. A group of scholars, often referred to as liberals, idealists, Wilsonians, or utopians, played a pivotal role in shaping early IR thought. They championed the establishment of international institutions, the expansion of international trade, and the practice of open diplomacy guided by experts. This belief in the power of international cooperation and institutions stemmed from their conviction that war was primarily a consequence of flawed thinking by politicians and diplomats.

These early IR thinkers argued that secrecy... Continue reading "The Rise of International Relations as a Social Science" »

Reinforcement Theory

Reinforcement theory posits that an individual's behavior is influenced by its consequences. Rooted in the "law of effect," this theory focuses on the outcomes of an individual's actions, rather than their underlying causes.

Positive Reinforcement

Positive reinforcement involves providing a positive response to desired behavior, thereby increasing its likelihood of repetition.

Negative Reinforcement

Negative reinforcement involves removing or reducing negative consequences in response to desired behavior, also increasing its likelihood of repetition.

Punishment

Punishment involves removing positive consequences or introducing negative ones to decrease the likelihood of undesirable behavior.

Extinction

Extinction involves withholding... Continue reading "Understanding Reinforcement Theory and Emotional Intelligence for Effective Leadership" »

The Theory of International Relations

Realism

Realists believe that society and politics are governed by objective laws rooted in human nature. To improve society, we must first understand these laws. They also believe in the possibility of developing a rational theory that reflects these laws. They make a distinction between objective rational truth supported by reason and subjective judgment derived from prejudice and wishful thinking. For realism, theory consists in determining facts with reason. The character of a foreign policy must therefore be discovered through the examination of political acts and their foreseeable consequences.

They develop the concept of interest in power to understand international politics. This concept provides a... Continue reading "International Relations Theory: Realism and Structural Realism" »

Four Key Processes Enhanced by Visual Thinking

Let’s examine four processes improved by visual thinking:

1. Understand the Essence

• Visual Grammar: The Business Model Canvas poster is a conceptual map that functions as a visual language with corresponding grammar. It tells you which pieces of information to insert in the model, and where.
• Capturing the Big Picture: By sketching out all the elements of the Canvas, you immediately give viewers the big picture of a business model. A sketch provides just the right amount of information to allow a viewer to grasp the idea, yet not too much detail to distract them.
• Seeing Relationships: Understanding a business model requires not only knowing the compositional elements, but also grasping the interdependencies

William Blake: Poet, Painter, and Radical Visionary

William Blake was born in London in 1757. His origins were humble, and he remained poor all his life. He studied at the Royal Academy of Arts.

As a painter and engraver, Blake emphasized the power of the imagination. He was a political freethinker and remained a radical throughout his life.

Rejection of Neoclassicism

Blake is regarded as an Early Romantic because he rejected neoclassical literary style and themes. He emphasized the importance of imagination over reason and believed that ideal forms should be created not from the observation of nature but from inner visions.

His prose work often consisted of a mixture of aphorisms, anecdotes, and proverbs.

Blake's Philosophy of Complementary Opposites

Blake... Continue reading "William Blake's Vision: Imagination, Dualism, and Early Romanticism" »

Growing Up in Ancient Greece

Marketing & Sales Terminology

Brand Awareness

Que la gente conozca la marca

Brochure

Folleto

Direct Mail

Mensaje directo

Give a Discount

Ofrecer un descuento

Hit

Visita

Hype (Verb)

Publicidad fuerte

Leaflet

Panfleto

Marketing Advantage

Ventaja de marketing

Marketing Solution

Solución de marketing

Point of Sales Display

Material de puntos de venta

Point-of-Sale

Punto de venta

Sponsorship

Patrocinio

Target Audience

Público objetivo

To Carry Out Market Research

Llevar a cabo estudios de mercado

Trade Event

Evento comercial

Trade Fair

Feria comercial

Viral Marketing

Comercialización viral

Business Operations & Strategy

Achieve an Ambition

[Definición pendiente]

An Entrepreneur

Empresario

Buy into a Franchise

Adquirir una franquicia

Capitalize on (Verb)

Aprovechar

Close Down (

Part of the Universal Creative Process

Composition

Golden Ratio: Fibonacci Number by Leonardo de Pisa

Composition Rules