Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for English for University

Dear Mr. Jones

1. T, T, F, F, DS
2. On 28th July at 11 pm.
3. Because they arrived late, their room wasn’t available. / There were no rooms available.
4. The hotel regulation: guests must pay for the room in advance if they want the hotel to keep the room after the expected arrival time.
5. The price was £100 more than the Lotus Hotel.
6. Pay compensation for the trouble and expense.

Vocabulary Exercise 1

1. I worked a lot of overtime last month.
2. Some people don’t like to be asked their age.
3. Don’t leave your bags or luggage unattended.
4. We spoke to the manager about the rude hotel staff.
5. The job pays a voucher salary of £50,000 a year.
6. The hotel has got a restaurant on its premises.
7. We asked Kate to help, but she refused.
8. I’m thinking of accompanying Jenny.

Vocabulary

INFINITIVE

PAST PAST PARTICIPLE SPANISH

BE/AM,ARE,ISWAS/WERE BEEN SER/ESTAR

BEAT BEAT BEATEN GOLPEAR

BECOME BECAME BECOME LLEGAR A SER

BEGIN BEGAN BEGUN EMPEZAR

BITE BIT BITTEN MORDER

BLOW BLEW BLOWN SOPLAR

BREAK BROKE BROKEN ROMPER

BRING BROUGHT BROUGHT LLEVAR

BUILD BUILT BUILT EDIFICAR

BUY BOUGHT BOUGHT COMPRAR

CATCH CAUGHT CAUGHT CACHAR/ATRAPAR

COME CAME COME VENIR

COST COST COST COSTAR

CUT CUT CUT CORTAR

CHOOSEE CHOSE CHOSEN ELEGIR

DO(DOES) DID DONE HACER

DRAW DREW DRAWN DIBUJAR

DRINK DRANK DRUNK BEBER

DRIVE DROVE DRIVEN CONDUCIR

EAT ATE EATEN COMER

FALL FELL FALLEN CAER

FEED FED FED ALIMENTAR

FEEL FELT FELT SENTIR

FIGHT FOUGHT FOUGHT LUCHAR

FIND FOUND FOUND FOUND ENCONTRAR

FLY FLEW FLOWN VOLAR

FORGET FORGOT FORGOTTEN OLVIDAR

FORGIVE FORGAVE FORGIVEN PERDONAR

GET GOT

The Emperor of Ice-Cream

Poem Structure

• Two stanzas, each with eight lines.
• Unrhymed, not blank verse.

Title Significance

• The poem's title, "The Emperor of Ice-Cream," is repeated twice within the poem.
• It emphasizes the phrase "the only emperor."

Poetic Voice and Imperatives

• The poetic speaker directly addresses the reader or a group, using imperative verbs like "call," "let," and "bid."

First Stanza: The Kitchen Scene

• Preparation of food, likely ice cream.
• Sexual connotations are present, notably with the word "concupiscent" and the alliteration of the plosive /k/ in "cups concupiscent curds."
• Phallic symbolism: "big cigar" and the description of a muscular man.
• Girls are depicted having fun and flirting in the kitchen while ice cream is being made.
• The

Versatile Writing Templates for Every Situation

This document provides structured templates for various communication scenarios, ranging from personal messages to formal complaints and narrative accounts.

1. Personal and Professional Correspondence

I am writing this because I recently experienced a situation related to this topic. It is essential to consider how these events affect our daily lives.

2. Structuring Your Narrative

On the one hand, everything seemed fine at first. However, circumstances changed, leading to unexpected challenges that required patience or immediate attention.

3. Addressing Unexpected Problems

On the other hand, a strange problem occurred. Whether dealing with public transport issues, customer service failures, or personal...

Catcher in the Rye Characters

Holden Caulfield

Holden Caulfield: Depressed, tall sixteen-year-old who smokes, underwent trauma, and cannot socialize. Very passive, and distrusts adults.

Allie Caulfield

Allie Caulfield: Holden's brother. Died before the story began. His death has a lasting effect on Holden. Red-haired and left-handed. Wrote in green ink. Special because of those two traits. Very smart and sweet.

Phoebe Caulfield

Phoebe Caulfield: Younger sister to Holden; very smart; writes her own stories; an awesome dancer and writer.

D.B. Caulfield

D.B. Caulfield: Holden's older brother, an author who writes movies in Hollywood. Was traumatized in the war.

Mr. Caulfield

Mr. Caulfield: A wealthy corporate lawyer; invests money in Broadway shows that...

Essential English Grammar Foundations

Articles and Quantifiers

• A/An: uno/a
• Any: alguno/a
• Some: algunos/as
• The: la/el

Key Question Words

• How many: cuántos
• How much: cuánto cuesta (or quantity)
• How often: con qué frecuencia
• How far: hasta dónde
• How long: cuánto tiempo

Verb Tenses: Past Simple

Structure of the Past Simple Tense

• Affirmative (A): Subject + Verb in past (irregular or -ed form) + Complement.
• Negative (N): Subject + didn't / did not + Main Verb (base form) + Complement.
• Interrogative (I): Did + Subject + Main Verb (base form) + Complement + ?

Usage

Used to talk about actions that happened in the past and are finished.

Comparative Note

Used to describe an action finished at a specific time before now.

Verb Tenses: Past Continuous

Structure of the Past

Henry Lawson: Australia's Poet of the People

Henry Lawson (1867-1922) was born in New South Wales on 17 June 1867. He was the son of a Norwegian seaman, Niels Larsen, who later changed his name to Peter Lawson. In Henry's early years, the family lived on a poor selection in the Mudgee district. Lawson suffered from deafness and was often teased as a result.

Henry moved to Sydney with his mother, Louisa Lawson. It was there that Louisa began publishing the feminist newspaper The Dawn. Henry spent periods of time in institutions for his alcoholism and periods of time in gaol for failing to support his family. At his funeral, crowds lined the streets to farewell Australia's 'poet of the people'.

Lawson's Literary Style and Themes

Much of Lawson's...

Marriage in American Literature

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Washington Irving

In Rip Van Winkle, the protagonist sees marriage as a punishment and a source of unhappiness. Rip Van Winkle is depicted as a humble person who helps everyone that needs him and who has no evilness inside. However, his relationship with his wife is different. In fact, when he wakes up and finds out that 20 years have passed and also that everyone he knows has disappeared, Rip feels sad, but not for the loss of Dame Van Winkle.

Anne Bradstreet

In Letter to my Loving Husband, there is a different approach to marriage. The poem is a praise to her husband, whom she...

Robert Browning's "A Toccata of Galuppi's": An Analysis

Voice

The poem is written in the third person. There are three distinct voices: the scientist, Baldassare Galuppi (who is deceased), and a group of people at the carnivals.

Mood

The overall mood is melancholic and sad, although there are moments of joy interspersed throughout.

Summary

The scientist reflects on death and contemplates his own mortality.

Stanza 11

The scientist refers to how Galuppi's music is played while he is working on his scientific problems.

Stanza 12

Galuppi speaks to him through the music, telling the scientist about the inevitability of death and how it ultimately came to the people of Venice.

Stanza 13

Galuppi continues speaking to the scientist. There is a conflict between...