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Antibiotic Dosing Reference for Common Infections

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Antibiotic Treatment Doses for Common Infections

Urinary Tract Infections

  • IUA: asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy (amoxicillin 250 mg/8 h x 5 days), (ampicillin 250-500 mg/6 h x 5 days), cefadroxil 500 mg/12 h x 5 days.
  • Cystitis (sulfamethoxazole 800 mg / trimethoprim 160 mg/12 h x 5 days; nitrofurantoin 50-100 mg/8 h x 5 days; amoxicillin 500 mg/8 h x 5 days).
  • Pyelonephritis (ciprofloxacin 500 mg/12 h x 7-10 days; amoxicillin 875 mg + clavulanic acid 125 mg/12 h x 7-10 days).
  • Antibiotic prophylaxis (cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin 50-100 mg, cefradine 250-500 mg).

Sexually Transmitted and Genitourinary Infections

  • Nongonococcal urethritis (doxycycline 100 mg/12 h x 7 days; azithromycin 1 g single dose; erythromycin ES 800 mg/6 h x 7 days).
  • Gonococcal urethritis (ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally, associated with doxycycline 100 mg/12 h x 7 days).
  • Prostatitis (fluoroquinolones).

Prevalent Infections in Children

  • Scarlet fever (benzathine penicillin 600,000-1,200,000 IU + sodium penicillin G single dose; oral macrolides x 10 days).
  • Pharyngitis (benzathine penicillin: over 3 years and under 27 kg, 600,000 U single dose; over 27 kg, 1,000,000 U single dose; oral penicillin 50,000-100,000 U/kg/day/8 h x 10 days; erythromycin 50 mg/kg/day/6-8 h x 10 days).
  • Acute otitis media (amoxicillin 50 mg/kg/day/3 doses x 10 days).
  • Pneumonia:
    • Infants and preschool children: amoxicillin 75-100 mg/kg/day x 7 days.
    • School-age children and teens: erythromycin 50 mg/kg/day x 14 days; clarithromycin 15 mg/kg/day x 14 days.
    • Newborns under 6 months, hospitalized: ampicillin 100 mg/kg/day + amikacin 15 mg/kg/day x 7-10 days.
    • Infants over 6 months and preschool children, hospitalized: sodium penicillin 100,000 U/kg/day x 7 days.
  • UTI in children (ceftriaxone 75 mg/kg/12-24 h IV; cefotaxime 150 mg/kg/6-8 h IV; cotrimoxazole 40/8 mg/kg/12 h orally; amoxicillin 50 mg/kg/8 h orally; cefadroxil 50 mg/kg/8 h orally; nitrofurantoin 1-2 mg/kg/24 h orally for UTI).
    • Prophylaxis: cotrimoxazole 5-10/1-2 mg/kg/24 h orally.
    • For infants under 6 months: cefadroxil 10 mg/kg/24 h orally.

Gastrointestinal Infections

  • Diarrhea, cholera, enterotoxigenic (over 7 years): doxycycline 300 mg once orally; tetracycline 500 mg/6 h x 3 days.
  • Under 7 years: cotrimoxazole forte/12 h x 3 days.
  • Tetracycline-resistant: ciprofloxacin 500 mg/12 h x 3 days.
  • E. coli: ciprofloxacin 500 mg/12 h x 3 days; metronidazole 500 mg/8 h x 10 days.
  • Clostridioides difficile, invasive Shigella diarrhea: cotrimoxazole forte/12 h x 3-5 days.
  • Salmonella: cotrimoxazole forte/12 h x 5 days.

Upper and Lower Respiratory Infections in Adults

  • Pharyngitis: penicillin V 500 mg/6-8 h x 10 days orally; benzathine penicillin G 1,200,000 IU IM; amoxicillin 500 mg/8 h x 10 days orally.
  • Sinusitis: amoxicillin 1 g/8 h x 10 days orally; moxifloxacin 400 mg/24 h x 7 days orally; levofloxacin 500 mg/24 h x 7 days orally. Associated anaerobic infection: clindamycin 300 mg/8 h or metronidazole 500 mg/12 h.
  • Bronchitis: cotrimoxazole 800/160 mg/12 h x 10-14 days orally; amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 875/125 mg/12 h x 7-10 days orally.
  • Influenza: oseltamivir 75 mg/12 h x 5 days orally; amantadine 100 mg/12 h x 5 days orally.
  • Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP):
    • Healthy outpatients: erythromycin 500 mg/6 h x 7-10 days orally; clarithromycin 500 mg/12 h x 7-10 days orally; amoxicillin 1 g/8 h x 7-10 days orally.
    • Outpatients with heart failure, renal or liver disease, diabetes, or antibiotic use in the last 3 months: moxifloxacin 400 mg/day x 7-14 days orally; levofloxacin 750 mg/day x 7-14 days orally; beta-lactam + macrolide x 7-14 days.
    • Non-ICU hospitalized patients: fluoroquinolone x 7-14 days IV.
    • ICU-hospitalized patients: cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, or ampicillin-sulbactam + fluoroquinolone IV (aztreonam for patients allergic to penicillins).

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