Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for English for Baccalaureate

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Essential English Vocabulary and Grammar Rules

English-Spanish Vocabulary: Key Phrases

• In the lead: Liderar
• Fast asleep: Profundamente dormido
• Defeat: Derrotar
• Heavy traffic: Tráfico abundante
• Let us down: Decepcionar
• Bright future: Futuro brillante
• Sportsmanship: Deportividad
• Poor health: Mala salud
• Broke a record: Batir un récord
• Valid point: Punto válido / Buen punto
• Effort: Esfuerzo
• Slight accent: Acento leve
• Spectators: Espectadores
• Rapid growth: Rápido crecimiento
• Opponent: Oponente
• Tournament: Torneo
• Trophy: Trofeo
• Go wild: Volverse loco
• Beat: Vencer
• Cheer: Aclamar, animar
• Score: Marcar
• Speed: Velocidad
• Championship: Campeonato
• Awards: Premios
• Finish line: Meta
• Guidelines: Reglas
• Turnaround: Cambio
• Superstar: Superestrella
• Runner-up: Segundo puesto
• Teammates:

This resource compiles key vocabulary from Units 4 and 5, common English idioms, and a comprehensive list of essential irregular verbs for language learners.

Unit 4 Vocabulary: Urban and Natural Settings

• Shore: Orilla
• Spare: De repuesto
• Ruler: Gobernante
• Bare: Vacío
• Surface: Superficie
• Reached for: Alcanzar
• Breathtaking: Impresionante
• Running out: Que se está acabando
• Leisure: Tiempo libre
• Iron: Hierro
• Steel: Acero
• Skyscraper: Rascacielos
• Stone: Piedra
• Ancient: Antiguo
• Landmark: Punto de referencia
• Narrow: Estrecho
• Downtown: Centro
• Mall: Centro comercial

Unit 5 Vocabulary: Housing, Commerce, and Animals

• Cozy: Acogedor
• Pick up: Recoger a
• Miss: Fallar
• Short of: A menos que
• Claimed: Supuesto
• Owner: Dueño
• Fee: Entrada
• Rent: Alquiler
• Long for: Desear
• Customer: Cliente
• Better

Everyone has their own preferences regarding country life and city life. Both obviously have their advantages and disadvantages. Understanding these can help you make an informed decision about where to settle.

Advantages of Country Life

• Nature and Environment: Among the advantages of living in the countryside, nature must be mentioned. This includes uncontaminated air, quaint landscapes, abundant animals, and a generally peaceful environment.
• Slower Pace of Life: Additionally, time in the countryside often feels slower than in the city. Individuals can work at their own pace, free from the constant rush and pressure of urban environments.
• Strong Community Bonds: Relationships among country inhabitants are usually very good. People know each other

arise arose arisen surgir/awake awoke awoken despertar(se) /bite bit bitten morder/ bet bet bet apostar/ bleed bled bled sangrar /blow blew blown soplar /break broke broken romper/ bring broght brought traer/ build built built construir/burn burnt burnt quemar/ buy bought bought comprar/ catch caught cauht coger agarrar /dig dug dug cavar/ draw drew drawn dibujar dream dreamt dreamt soñar /fall fell fallem caerse/ feed fed fed alimentar/ feel felt felt sentir/ fight fought fought luchar/ find found found encontrar/ fly flew flown volar/ freeze froze frozen congelar/ get got got conssguir recibir/ grow grew grown crecer cultivar /hang hung hung colgar/ hear heard heard oir/ hide hid hiden esconderse/ hit hit hit pegar golpear/hold held held...

The Meeting of Woods and Biko

This story began in a newspaper office in East London, South Africa. Donald Woods, the editor, received five photographs of Steve Biko from photographer Ken Robertson. Mamphela Ramphele, a doctor and friend of Biko, was outraged after reading the newspaper's coverage. She insisted that before writing about Biko, Woods needed to understand his motivations and ideas. Consequently, Woods traveled to meet Biko, and together they visited Zanenpilo, a clinic and community center Biko was helping to establish for Black citizens, where Mamphela worked as a physician.

A Dangerous Journey and Political Awakening

Three weeks later, Woods and Biko traveled to a Black township. The journey was perilous, as Biko was banned from...

Francois is awoken in the middle of the night by his sister, who calls him to the factory. There, he finds her husband dead, and she confesses to killing him. It is discovered that Helene had operated a machine that smashed down upon Andre's head and arm. Commissioner Charas, who is investigating the case, attempts to get an answer from her about what happened, but her only response to "why" is that she cannot say. Her actions land her in an insane asylum as the case is sorted out, where she spends her time catching flies and examining them closely. Regular visits from Francois and the Commissioner ensue, but to no progress. One day, Francois is talking to Helene's son, who explains about a fly Helene was obsessed with finding that had a white...

Tangible:

Capable of being touched or felt.

Quarry:

The object of a hunt; prey.

Disarming:

Removing or overcoming suspicion.

Cultivated:

Refined or cultured in manner.

Amenity:

Something that adds to one's comfort or convenience.

Droll:

Amusingly odd or comical.

Scruples:

A feeling of uneasiness that keeps a person from doing something.

Solicitously:

In a manner expressing care or concern.

Uncanny:

So remarkable as to seem supernatural.

Instigate:

To stir up; provoke.

Vestibule:

A small entryway within a building.

Agile:

Able to move quickly and easily.

Falter:

To hesitate from lack of courage or confidence.

Ransack:

To search or examine vigorously.

Prudence:

The use of good judgment and common sense.

Ravage:

Serious damage.

Assertion:

A statement.

Coveted:

Greedily desired