Essential English Vocabulary and Irregular Verbs Reference
This resource compiles key vocabulary from Units 4 and 5, common English idioms, and a comprehensive list of essential irregular verbs for language learners.
Unit 4 Vocabulary: Urban and Natural Settings
- Shore: Orilla
- Spare: De repuesto
- Ruler: Gobernante
- Bare: Vacío
- Surface: Superficie
- Reached for: Alcanzar
- Breathtaking: Impresionante
- Running out: Que se está acabando
- Leisure: Tiempo libre
- Iron: Hierro
- Steel: Acero
- Skyscraper: Rascacielos
- Stone: Piedra
- Ancient: Antiguo
- Landmark: Punto de referencia
- Narrow: Estrecho
- Downtown: Centro
- Mall: Centro comercial
Unit 5 Vocabulary: Housing, Commerce, and Animals
- Cozy: Acogedor
- Pick up: Recoger a
- Miss: Fallar
- Short of: A menos que
- Claimed: Supuesto
- Owner: Dueño
- Fee: Entrada
- Rent: Alquiler
- Long for: Desear
- Customer: Cliente
- Better off: Mejor
- Fool: Novedad
- No matter what: Pase lo que pase
- Advantage: Ventaja
- Fair: Justo
- Reviewed: Revisar
- Cage: Jaula
- Breed: Crías
- Wild: Salvaje
- Cub: Cachorro
- Tame: Domesticado
Common English Idioms
- Let the cat out of the bag: Irse de la lengua
- A fish out of water: Pez fuera del agua
Irregular Verbs: Base, Past Simple, and Past Participle
| Base Form | Past Simple | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| be | was/were | been |
| begin | began | begun |
| break | broke | broken |
| bring | brought | brought |
| buy | bought | bought |
| build | built | built |
| choose | chose | chosen |
| come | came | come |
| cost | cost | cost |
| cut | cut | cut |
| do | did | done |
| draw | drew | drawn |
| drive | drove | driven |
| eat | ate | eaten |
| feel | felt | felt |
| find | found | found |
| get | got | got |
| give | gave | given |
| go | went | gone |
| have | had | had |
| hear | heard | heard |
| hold | held | held |
| keep | kept | kept |
| know | knew | known |
| leave | left | left |
| lead | led | led |
| let | let | let |
| lie | lay | lain |
| lose | lost | lost |
| make | made | made |
| mean | meant | meant |
| meet | met | met |
| pay | paid | paid |
| put | put | put |
| run | ran | run |
| say | said | said |
| see | saw | seen |
| sell | sold | sold |
| send | sent | sent |
| set | set | set |
| sit | sat | sat |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| spend | spent | spent |
| stand | stood | stood |
| take | took | taken |
| teach | taught | taught |
| tell | told | told |
| think | thought | thought |
| understand | understood | understood |
| wear | wore | worn |
| win | won | won |
| write | wrote | written |