Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Arts and Humanities for Primary education

Fundamental Concepts of Art Study

Aesthetic Attitude

• Involves the total person (sensible and intelligible aspects).
• The artist possesses artistic sensibilities, seeing more than others.
• Senses most suitable for art creation are the higher senses: sight and hearing, often associated with the spiritual. However, other senses should not be underestimated (e.g., architecture relies on touch).
• The characteristic of aesthetic experience is wonder.
• The attitude required for aesthetic experience is disinterestedness; the artwork is an end in itself. This resignation is not indifference. (Example: Contemplating an object's appearance rather than being interested in its real-world utility.)

Disciplines of Art Study

The study of art is generally divided into...

Communication Perspectives

Communication as Representation

Communication is often viewed as abstract or separated from our daily lives and the world around us.

Communication as Constitutive

Communication is constitutive, meaning it shapes reality, often resulting in unequal power distribution.

Historical Context and Rhetoric

Ancient Greece

In Ancient Greece, communication was primarily oral, and nothing was written.

Rhetoric

Rhetoric is the ability to engage effectively with one another.

The Ramus Shift

In the 15th century, Ramus separated the creative process from the delivery process.

Critical Theory and Advocacy

The Critical/Cultural Turn

This movement focuses on power-based inequalities and emphasizes the importance of cultural context.

Public Advocacy

Public...

Core Linguistic Concepts

Semantic Relationships

• Polysemy: The variety of meanings that a single word possesses (e.g., menu).
• Homonymy: The relationship between signs that share the same form (signifier) but have different meanings.
• Synonymy: The relationship between two or more words belonging to the same grammatical category that have identical or similar meanings.
• Antonymy: The relationship where a word expresses the denial or opposite of another term (e.g., high / low).
• Semantic Field: A set of words that share a common conceptual content or theme (e.g., hours, days, months related to time).

Word Formation and Origin

• Lexicon: The complete set of words that speakers of a language use to communicate.
• Heritage Words (Palabras Patrimoniales): Words transmitted

Renaissance Art: Masters and Styles

Italian Renaissance

Sculpture

• Donatello: Revived the classical Greco-Roman style of sculpture that was realistic and could be viewed from all sides. Donatello's David was the first free-standing human sculpture in this period.
• Michelangelo: Painter, sculptor, architect, and poet. Characteristics: Realism, details of the human body, expression, emotion. His works: Ceiling of the Sistine Chapel with biblical images of amazing detail, beauty, and power. Creation of Man, Pieta was his most important sculpture.
• Leonardo da Vinci: Painter and sculptor. Characteristics: Incredible realism, emotion, depth, details, expression. His works: The Last Supper shows Jesus' last meeting with the 12 apostles before the crucifixion.

English-Catalan Job Interview and Employment Vocabulary

This bilingual table lists key English words and phrases used in job interviews, CVs and employment, with their Catalan equivalents.

Graphics and Design

Categories of Graphic Software

Bitmapped graphics represent images as bitmaps; they are stored as pixels and become distorted when manipulated. The density of dots per inch determines the image quality.

Vector graphics represent images as mathematical formulae, so they can be changed or scaled without losing quality. They are ideal for high-resolution output.

Types of Graphics Software

• Image manipulation programs: Let you edit your favorite images. For example, you can scan a picture into your PC or transfer a photo from your camera and then add different effects or filters.
• Painting and drawing programs: Also called illustration packages, these offer facilities for freehand drawing with a wide choice of pens, brushes, colors,

Vocabulary Listening True False

• 1. Up: The way 1. Tradition 1. True
• 2. Pro: Increase 2. Earning 2. False: The Indigenous are upset with Disney
• 3. Retain: Keep 3. Unfair 3. False: Deep and white people don't give a job in...
• 4. Ill: Unable 4. Were camp 4. True
• 5. Refer: Avid 5. Theme 1. There were...
• 6. Seize: Take 6. Had to lie 2. Appropriation
• 7. Cue: A hint 7. The athletes 3. Trying
• 8. Olympics were 4. Unrealistic

The Need for Native American Representation

Disney doesn't give roles to Indigenous people; for this reason, they should create an industry. Indigenous people should create organizations for their rights since Disney gives roles only to white people. The Indigenous should work with independent filmmakers due to the fact that Disney prefers...

The Valladolid School: Gregorio Fernández

The 17th-century Valladolid school gained new force under Gregorio Fernández. His primary interest was to represent reality as directly as possible, a naturalist-led effort reflected in his nudes. He utilized violent contrasts of chiaroscuro and complex, angular drapery.

Christ Recumbent

Among his most important works is the Christ Recumbent, a 17th-century piece in the Baroque style crafted from painted wood, currently housed in the Convent of the Capuchin Fathers. This religious work represents Jesus Christ lying on a cloth after being taken down from the cross to the Holy Sepulcher.

• Composition: Designed to be viewed from the side.
• Posture: The head is tilted toward the right, with the right leg raised

Editar Persona

Fragmento de código del servlet para actualizar una persona existente:

elseif (action.equals("actualizar")) {

// Actualizar persona existente

int index = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("index"));

String nombre = request.getParameter("nombre");

String apellido = request.getParameter("apellido");

int edad = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("edad"));

Persona persona = personas.get(index);

persona.setNombre(nombre);

persona.setApellido(apellido);

persona.setEdad(edad);

}

response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/listar.jsp");

}

Formulario de edición

A continuación se muestra la página JSP para editar los datos de una persona:

<%@ page pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<!DOCTYPE html>

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Core Features of Contemporary Playwriting

Current playwriting is defined by 70 new theatrical paths, characterized by the following developments:

Investigation of New Scenic Areas

Theater companies now utilize improvised spaces, streets, and unexpected locations. Notable examples include La Cubana, which begins performances outside the venue, and La Fura dels Baus or Els Joglars, who transform venues like Olympic stadiums into theaters.

Rejection of Traditional Playwriting

Many companies now produce texts collectively within the group, rejecting the traditional figure of the playwright working in isolation. Els Joglars serves as a primary example of this approach.

Importance of the Stage Director

The stage director now holds final authority over every...