Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Medicine and health sciences

Performance-Enhancing Substances and Methods in Sports

Medicine and health sciences2.64 KB

Ergogenics

Pharmaceuticals (AAS, hgh, stimulants, betablockers) nutritionals (amino acids, creatine, vitamins) methods (hyperbaric or hypobaric chambers, blood doping, supplemental O2)

WADA

Primary governing body for international sport banned substances enhance performance, endanger health, contrary to sport if u have two of these its banned)

Substance S1

Most common drug test

Anabolic Steroid

Associated with protein building in skeletal muscle or bone

Androgenic

Associated with masculinization

Steroid

Hormonal substance with basic chemical structure

Testosterone

C-19 steroid hormone derivative of cholesterol. Key endogenous (body makes) androgen. Levels vary: males 2.5-11mg, females 0.25mg

AAS Legally

Schedule III category prohibited until 1974

AAS Chemically

Synthetic...

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Business English Exercises: Answer Key and Grammar Practice

Medicine and health sciences4.64 KB

Business English Exercises and Answer Key

Customer Loyalty and Satisfaction

From satisfaction to loyalty:

  1. The relationship with the supplier.
  2. Good-quality staff.
  3. It increases profits.
  4. Your customer's own business becomes…
  5. Their competitors can quickly…
  6. They take responsibility for their actions.

Relative Clauses Exercises

Relative clauses exercise:

  1. Dr. Jodi Simco and Dr. Mark… which.
  2. …but they maybe start using… which.
  3. which.
  4. who/that.
  5. which/that.
  6. which/that.
  7. where.
  8. which/that and who/that.

Relative clauses memo (customer loyalty):

  1. out.
  2. the.
  3. which.
  4. which.
  5. where.
  6. who/that.

Text starting with: "As every manager knows…":

  1. first.
  2. neglect.
  3. approaching.
  4. signs.
  5. impression.
  6. expect.
  7. result.
  8. handle.
  9. everyone.
  10. account.
  11. skills.
  12. post.
  13. get.
  14. practical.
  15. number.

Text starting with: "Hello,

...
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Mastering English Grammar and Essential Vocabulary

Medicine and health sciences5.81 KB

English Verb Tenses and Reported Speech

Past Perfect (before), Past Simple (yesterday), Present Perfect (this morning), Present Simple (now).

Reported Speech Transformations

  • Stays → stayed
  • Is staying → was staying
  • Stayed → had stayed
  • Was staying → had been staying
  • Has stayed → had stayed
  • Has been staying → had been staying
  • Had stayed → had stayed
  • Will stay → would stay
  • Can → could
  • May → might
  • Must / Have to → had to
  • Will → would

Time and Place Changes

  • Now → then
  • Today → that day
  • Yesterday → the day before
  • Tomorrow → the day after
  • Here → there
  • This → that
  • These → those

Questions, Orders, and Suggestions

Questions: Use normal sentence order. Orders: Use to (without a subject). Let's: Use -ing (without is).

Passive Voice Construction

Formula:

...

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Common Genital Infections: Symptoms and Treatments

Medicine and health sciences2.22 KB

Trichomoniasis

Caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis parasite.

Signs and Symptoms

  • Men: Most men do not have signs or symptoms. Some may experience temporary irritation inside the penis, mild discharge, or slight burning after urination or ejaculation.
  • Women: Symptoms include a frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge with a strong fishy odor. The infection may also cause discomfort during intercourse and urination, as well as irritation and itching of the genital area.

The genital inflammation caused by trichomoniasis can increase a woman’s susceptibility to HIV infection if exposed to the virus.

Treatment

The antibiotic Metronidazole is used. Symptoms in infected men may disappear within a few weeks without treatment.

Candidiasis

Caused by...

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Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Community Nutrition Programs

Medicine and health sciences8.06 KB

Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease from the community nutrition point of view. Interventional programs

- CVD and cerebrovascular disease are the 2 main forms of cardiovascular disease, major cause of disability and premature death throughout the world

  • - Prevention, primary and secondary treatments helped to decrease these levels in the last years
  • - Primary prevention aims to decrease the incidence of CVD by manipulating risk factors (intervention BEFORE the disease develops)
  • - Underlying pathology: atherosclerosis
  • - Aspirin: Decreases risk of cardiac events in people > 40y, post-menopausal and young people with multiple cardiovascular risk factors

WHO Goals: to prevent CHD events by lowering cardiovascular risk. The recommendations assist

...

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Semantic Analysis of Polysemous English Verbs and Nouns

Medicine and health sciences3.89 KB

'Run' (Verb)

Contexts of Use

  • They ran to the bus stop.
  • He ran the race in a record time.
  • He ran the car into the field.
  • Buses don’t run on Sundays.
  • The car runs well.
  • She runs the conveyor belt.
  • The road runs from Millbone to Shamrock.
  • The river runs fast and deep.
  • We’ll have to let another month run.
  • The thought ran through my mind.
  • He’s running for President.

Number of Senses

  1. Locomotion: To go somewhere by moving on foot faster than walking.
  2. Sport: To take part in a speed race.
  3. Motion: To operate a vehicle (drive).
  4. Serviceability: To be serviceable (esp. means of transport).
  5. Function: To function well (machine/appliance).
  6. Control: To be in charge (machine/situation).
  7. Extension: To lie between one place and another.
  8. Flow: To flow (body of water).
  9. Time: To
...
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Bigfoot Enigma: Debunking Myths & Health Vocabulary

Medicine and health sciences3.26 KB

Bigfoot: Unraveling the Mystery (Part 1)

Word Formation Challenge: Bigfoot's Existence

There are some people who believe in the 1. EXISTENCE of Bigfoot, a 2. MYSTERIOUS ape-like creature that is supposed to live in the mountains in the USA. In 1967, some hunters claimed to have 3. ACCIDENTALLY filmed such a creature. The brief film, showing a huge creature walking slowly through the undergrowth, was broadcast worldwide and caused quite a sensation. Many people saw this as firm 4. PROOF that Bigfoot is real.

Bigfoot: Debunking the Legend (Part 2)

Analyzing the Evidence: Hoax or Reality?

But now researchers have come to the 1. CONCLUSION that the film is merely a trick. After conducting a close 2. ANALYSIS of it, they claim to have identified a man-...

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Introduction to Health and Wellness

Medicine and health sciences3.4 KB

Health and Wellness Overview

Exercise

Aerobic Exercise (Cardio)

Stimulates heart rate and breathing rate. Examples include:

  • Spinning
  • Running
  • Swimming
  • Walking

Anaerobic Exercise

Short, strength-based activities with short exertion and high-intensity movement. Examples include:

  • Weight Lifting
  • Sprinting
  • Jumping

Nutrition

Proteins

Large, complex molecules required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs. Made of amino acids.

The Five Main Food Groups

  • Vegetables
  • Fruit
  • Grain
  • Protein
  • Dairy

Food Pyramid

A nutritional diagram in the shape of a pyramid.

Nutrients

Substances in food that your body needs.

  • Macronutrients: Provide calories and energy (carbohydrates, protein, fat)
  • Micronutrients: Only needed in small amounts

Diseases

Cancer

A disease...

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Palliative TTO

Medicine and health sciences2.68 KB

ORAL CANCER: a type of head and neck cancer, is any cancerous tissue growth located In the oral cavity. treatment: surgical excision, radiation therapy, Chemotherapy. ESOPHAGUITIS: inflammation of the esophagus. It may be acute or Chronic. Treatment: it depends on the specific cause of your symptoms: medication, dietary guidelines, avoid alcohol, tobacco... HIATUS HERNIA: is the Protrusion of the upper part of the stomach into the thorax through the Esophageal hiatus because of tear or weakness in the diaphragm. Treatment: Sometimes no treat. Is required. 3/4 sips of temp. Water and medication. ESOPHAGEAL CANCER: is cancer arising from the esoph. Symptoms often include Difficulty in swallowing and weight loss. Treatment: surgery, chem and rad,...

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STI Facts: Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Herpes, HPV, HIV

Medicine and health sciences3.3 KB

STI Facts: Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Herpes, HPV, HIV

True / False Statements About Common STIs

Chlamydia is a bacterial infection. True.

Chlamydia always has symptoms. False.

Chlamydia can lead to infertility. True.

There is a cure for Chlamydia. True.

Chlamydia is not common in the United States. False.

Chlamydia can lead to ectopic pregnancy. True.

Chlamydia does not cause PID (pelvic inflammatory disease). False.

Chlamydia cannot be transferred through oral or anal sex. False.

Gonorrhea is caused by a virus. False.

Gonorrhea can infect the throat, rectum, genitals, and eyes. True.

Most men experience symptoms of Gonorrhea. False.

There is no cure for Gonorrhea. False.

Without treatment, symptoms of Gonorrhea disappear on their own. True.

Newborn babies can

...
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