Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Sport and physical education

T1. Illnesses and Injuries

• Cough: tossir
• Headache, Earache, Stomachache, Toothache
• A rash: sarpullido
• A temperature
• Sunburn
• Vomiting
• Sneezing: estornudar
• Ankle is swollen: turmell inflat
• Bleeding: sangrar
• A sore throat: mal de coll
• Diarrhoea
• Feels sick: trobar-se malament
• Fainted: marejat
• A cold, Flu
• Dizzy: marejat
• Cut himself
• Allergic
• Twisted / Sprained: doblegar
• High blood pressure
• Food poisoning
• Choking: asfixiar-se
• Burnt
• Lie down: estirar-se
• Passed out: desmaiar-se

T2. Clothes and Fashion

• Loose: ample
• Tight: ajustat
• Hooded
• Long sleeved / Sleeveless: manga llarga / sense manega
• Plain / Spotted / Striped: bàsic / de punts / de ratlles
• A cotton vest: xaleco
• A denim waistcoat: texà
• A fur collar: de pell
• A lace top
• A linen suit: trajo
• Lycra swimsuit: bany de licra
• A silk scarf:

WHO REALLY DISCOVER AMERICA    1.Schoolchildren are often taught that Columbus discovered America.//2.Scholars originally theorized that Vinland was probably Newfoundland.//3.Scholars currently believe that Vinland was couldn't have been Newfoundland because he island is too far north for grapes to grow.//4.Pottery fragments found in Ecuador date from the year 3000 B.C.E.//5.The story of ST. Brendan may have caused Columbus to believe that there was a New World//6.St. Brendan and his companions could have gotten to America in a curragh//7.The ice crystals seen by Brendan and his companions may have been icebergs//8.Columbus didn't discover America, but he had a great deal to do with promoting Contact between the Old World and the New.

CONCERNED

Digital and Technology Vocabulary

• Access: Sartu, iriki
• Bookmark: Markatu
• Comment: Komentatu
• Edit: Editatu
• Host: Sortu
• Launch: Jaurti
• Log off: Saioa amaitu
• Log on: Saioa hasi
• Network: Sareen bidez kontaktatzea
• Register: Errejistratu
• Respond: Erantzun
• Transfer: Transferitu
• Upload: Igo

Social Etiquette and Behavior

• Appreciation: Apreziatu
• Consideration: Konsideratu
• Diplomacy: Era onean eztabaidatu
• Etiquette: Etiketa
• Interaction: Interaccion
• Netiquette: Amablea
• Politeness: Edukatua izatea
• Rank: Estatus
• Rudeness: Mala educacion
• Tradition: Tradizioa

Health and Physical Conditions

• Aching Muscles: Agujetak
• Allergic Reaction, Broken Leg, Bruised Knee: Moratoia
• Dislocated Shoulder, Itchy Skin: Azkurea
• Sore Back: Bizkarreko mina
• Sprained Wrist: Esguince en la muñeca
• Stiff Neck: Torikulis
• Swollen

Five Health-Related Fitness Components

• Cardiorespiratory Endurance: The ability to persist in a physical activity requiring oxygen for physical exertion without experiencing undue fatigue.
• Muscular Strength: The ability or capacity of a muscle or muscle group to exert force against resistance.
• Muscular Endurance: The ability of muscles to perform or sustain a muscle contraction repeatedly over a period of time.
• Flexibility: The ability to move the joints in your arms, legs, and trunk freely throughout a full, non-restricted, pain-free range of motion.
• Body Composition: The percentage of fat in the body relative to the percentage of all other tissues.

Understanding and Managing Stress Effectively

Stress is a state of material or emotional strain or...

Early Experiences

Early experiences, given the principle of life from the moment of fertilization, are very crucial for the organism because they occur when it is still undifferentiated. They are in critical periods of development of the individual.

• Pre-associative acquisition responses: Phenomena are habitualization, awareness, pseudo-knowledge, and inhibition.

The Learned

Almost all human behavior is learned. Man is learning all his life. It is said that a behavior is learned as a result of practice or experience and appears in the repertoire of behaviors in a more or less stable manner.

Learning is the acquisition or modification of behavior as a result of experience. The most important part of learning theory is the theory of information processing....

Functions of Nutrients

• Plastic Function: Responsible for the creation and repair of body tissues, supporting growth and cell maintenance.
• Energy Function: Provides the body with the necessary energy to perform vital life functions.
• Regulatory Function: Manages the various metabolic processes occurring within the body.

Healthy Eating Tips

1. Eat a varied diet: Consuming a wide range of foods ensures you receive all essential nutrients.
2. Maintain a routine: Try not to skip meals.
3. Choose lean proteins: Limit red meat; opt for fish, turkey, or chicken, and avoid saturated fats.
4. Reduce processed sweets: Limit pastries, cookies, and cakes; choose sandwiches, fruit, or juice instead.
5. Avoid fried foods: Prepare meals grilled, steamed, or boiled.
6. Limit sugary drinks:

Fundamental Concepts of Perception

Stimulus: Any form of energy to which we respond.

Sensation: What we feel in response to information that comes through sensory organs.

Perception: The way the brain organizes these feelings to make sense of the world.

Psychophysics

Psychophysics is the study of the relationship between the physical dimensions of stimuli and our psychological perceptions of them.

Thresholds of Perception

• Absolute Threshold: The minimum intensity of a stimulus necessary for it to be perceived.
• Difference Threshold: The smallest intensity difference required to perceive a distinction between two stimuli.

The Human Visual System

The human eye perceives electromagnetic energy in the form of light waves. The most important and complex part...

1. Intelligence in Psychology

Intelligence is one of the first objects of study in psychology. Its definition and complexity are still debated, and it remains a multidisciplinary research topic.

Classic Theories

• Galton applied innate methodology and statistics to intelligence.
• Spearman proposed a two-factor theory and used factor analysis. He identified a general factor (g) and specific abilities.
• Thurstone identified seven primary mental abilities: verbal comprehension, verbal fluency, numerical ability, memory, perceptual speed, spatial visualization and inductive reasoning.
• Guilford proposed a three-dimensional model of intelligence: operations (mental processes), contents (types of information) and products (the form the information takes). He

Aprendizagem Motora e Desenvolvimento Humano

Profissionais do movimento devem compreender a aprendizagem como uma interação entre o professor e o aprendiz, necessária para entender:

• Estabelecimento de metas: transferência da aprendizagem.
• Motivação: intensidade de direção e persistência de uma pessoa para alcançar uma meta de desempenho.
• Desenvolvimento motor: é o estudo das mudanças no comportamento motor que ocorrem no ser humano durante as diversas fases da vida.

Componentes do Desenvolvimento Motor

O desenvolvimento motor possui seis componentes:

• Qualitativo: envolve a observação ou o padrão de movimento.
• Sequencial: implica que padrões motores ocorrem em uma ordem previsível.
• Cumulativo: os comportamentos motores são aditivos.