Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Spanish

Present simple

(+)s + v + s+comple.

Exam: You go to england

            He goes to  parís

(-)s + do/does +not+ v(forma base)+comp

Exam: You don´t to england

            He doesn´t to parís

(¿) Do/does +S+ v(normal)+complemento

exam:      Do you go to england?

                 Does he go to England?

 ( Se usa para acciones habituales ) adverbios : every day week,sometimes,usually,always,never,hardly ever,often,usually

exam: we often go to the beach

            we don´t often go to the Beach

             i visit my aunt every sunday

Present continuos

(+) s +be+ v+ ing + comple

 exam:   You are writing an Gmail

(-) s+ be + not + v + ing+ complemento

exam: you aren´t writing an Gmail

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Vocabulary

• Gangway: Pasarela, pasadizo
• Shad: Sábalo (type of fish)
• Pulled out: Retirado
• Rich: Rico
• Wreck: Ruina, naufragio, hundir
• Ran out: Salir corriendo
• Barge: Barcaza
• Vessels: Buque, vaso, barco, recipiente
• Sloops: Corbeta (type of ship)
• Clogged: Obstruir, atascar

A Day in the Country

Last August, we decided to drive into the country. There were a lot of cars on the road, so it took us a long time to find a quiet place. We got our food out of the car and sat down near a path at the foot of a hill. Soon afterwards, we heard bells ringing, and we had to run back to the car. About two hundred sheep were coming down the path.

Johnny First Pichula

The ships clogged the riverbank with everything from sloops to rafts to barges.

The captains had built large... Continue reading "Riverbank Stories: Vocabulary and Grammar Insights" »

British and American English Vocabulary

• Car park: Parking lot
• Cinema: Movie theater
• City center: Downtown
• Flat: Apartment
• Garden: Yard
• Ground floor: First floor
• Lift: Elevator
• Pavement: Sidewalk
• Shop: Store
• Shopping center: Mall

Common English Idioms

• A fish out of water: Como un pez fuera del agua
• Hold your horses: Para el carro
• Kill two birds with one stone: Matar dos pájaros de un tiro
• Let the cat out of the bag: Descubrir el pastel
• Smelled a rat: Hay gato encerrado

English Synonyms and Definitions

• Shore = Beach: Playa
• Spare = Extra = Leisure: Tiempo libre
• Source = Origin: Origen
• Ruler = Leader: Gobernante
• Huge = Very big: Enorme
• Resort = Holiday complex: Complejo turístico

Weather Expressions and Collocations

• Bitter: Cold and wind
• Heavy: Rain, snowfall
• Mild: Temperatures,

Special Structures

Used to

~ Used to (solía): {used to + base form/ didn't/ did you used to…?} Cosas que hacía en el pasado, que ya no hace. Detrás del "used to" va un CD o un V.-ing. No se conjuga, se pone el verbo en forma base.

Would

~ Would: {would + base form} Verb en movimiento. Detrás del "would" va un infinitivo.

Be Used to (Estar acostumbrado)

~ Be used to: {(be) used to + object/ gerundio} Se conjuga el verbo "to be" y el "used to" queda igual. Detrás puede ir un CD o un V.-ing. Describe cosas a las que estamos acostumbrados.

Get Used to (Acostumbrarse a)

~ Get used to: {(get) used to + object/ gerundio} Se conjuga el "get" y el "used to" queda igual. Detrás puede ir un CD o un V.-ing. Describe algo en proceso de acostumbrarse. En... Continue reading "English Grammar Cheat Sheet" »

Essential English Vocabulary for Business and Shopping

Marketing and Strategy Terminology

• ADVERTISING AGENCY: agencia publicitaria
• MAKE: marca
• ATTRACT: atraer
• PRICE RANGE: gama de precios
• AWARENESS: conocimiento
• PRODUCT: producto
• BUDGET: presupuesto
• PURCHASE: comprar, adquirir
• CONVEY A MESSAGE: transmitir mensaje
• SHOP DISPLAY: escaparate
• FLYER: folleto
• STRATEGY: estrategia
• FREE SAMPLE: muestra gratuita
• TEMPT: tentar
• GOODS: artículos, productos
• INCREASE: aumentar

Shopping and Transaction Vocabulary

• BARGAIN: ganga, oferta (muy buena)
• IN CASH: dinero en efectivo
• CASHIER: cajero (máquina de cobro)
• CHARGE: cobrar
• BY CREDIT CARD: tarjeta de crédito
• DISCOUNT: descuento
• EXCHANGE: cambiar
• GUARANTEE: garantía
• MAKE UP ONE’S MIND: decidirse
• ON SALE: a la venta o rebajado
• PRICE

Verbs of Reporting

Verb Patterns

Essential English Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal verbs are combinations of a verb and a preposition or adverb. Here is a list of common phrasal verbs with their definitions and Spanish translations:

• Take off: To remove clothing. / Quitarse ropa.
• Stand for: To be an abbreviation of, or to signify. / Significar.
• Bring together: To introduce people to other people, or to unite. / Reunir, Unir.
• Get on with: To have a friendly relationship with someone. / Llevarse bien con.
• Try on: To put on clothes to see if they fit or look good. / Probarse algo (ropa).
• Try out: To test a new activity or item to see if it is suitable. / Probar algo (actividad/objeto).
• Look for: To search for something. / Buscar.
• Look after: To take care of someone or something. / Cuidar.
• Look up:

Adjectives

• cosmopolitan: cosmopolita
• deserted: desierto
• hideous:: horrible
• historic: histórico
• lively: alegre
• modern: modern
• packed: abarrotado
• peaceful: tranquilo
• remote: remote, muy lejano
• stunning: maravilloso
• touristy: turístico

Tourism Activities

• buy souvenirs: comprar recuerdos, souvenirs
• chill out: relajarse
• explore the countryside: visitor/ conocer el campo
• get away from it all: huir de todo
• go sightseening: hacer turismo
• sunbathe: tomar el sol
• take a bus tour: hacer una excursión con autobús
• take photos: sacar fotos

Travel

• journey: pasar de un lugar a otro
• travel: (the general activity of moving from place to place)
• trip: (a journey to place and back again, either for pleasure or for a specific reason)

Phrasal Verbs

• break down: descompostura
• carry on: continuar
• check

More Like Jesus

More like Jesus would I be,
Let my Savior dwell in me;
Fill my soul with peace and love;
Make me gentle as a dove;
More like Jesus, while I go,
Pilgrim in this world below;
Poor in spirit would I be;
Let my Savior dwell in me.

If He hears the raven's cry,
If His ever-watchful eye
Marks the sparrows when they fall,
Surely He will hear my call:
He will teach me how to live,
All my sinful thoughts forgive;
Pure in heart I still would be;
Let my Savior dwell in me.

More like Jesus when I pray,
More like Jesus day by day;
May I rest me by His side,
Where the tranquil waters glide:
Born of Him, through grace renewed,
By His love my will subdued,
Rich in faith I still would be;
Let my Savior dwell in me.

Literary Terms

• Knickerbockers: Three

English Verb Tenses and Structures

Present Simple (P. SIMPL)

• (+) Affirmative: Subject + Verb + Complement
• (-) Negative: Subject + don't/doesn't + Verb (infinitive) + Complement
• (?) Interrogative: Do/Does + Subject + Verb (infinitive) + Complement

Present Continuous (P. CONTIN)

• (+) Affirmative: Subject + am/is/are + Verb (-ing) + Complement
• (-) Negative: Subject + aren't/isn't/am not + Complement
• (?) Interrogative: (Wh-word) + am/is/are + Subject + Verb (-ing)

Present Perfect (PR. PERFECT)

• (+) Affirmative: Subject + have/has + Past Participle
• (-) Negative: Subject + haven't/hasn't + Past Participle
• (?) Interrogative: (Wh-word) + have/has + Subject + Past Participle

Future Tenses

• Future Simple: will + Verb (infinitive)
• Future Continuous: Subject + will + be