Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Medicine and health sciences

Patronage

Patronage is the financial support that clients or customers give to a business.

Peak Hours

Peak hours are the times during the day when a business is very busy.

Peel

A peel is a skincare product that is applied to the face and then peeled off. It removes dead skin by pulling it off.

To Peel

To peel is to lose the top layer of skin.

To Pluck

To pluck something is to pull something out from somewhere.

Ramp

A ramp is a road which cars use to drive onto a major road.

Rash

A rash is an area of skin that is red with raised spots.

Receptionist

A receptionist is someone who answers phones, greets visitors, and initially deals with clients.

Regimen

A regimen is a plan for treating a condition.

Repeat Client

A repeat client is someone who visits the same business...

English Synonyms

• Awful - Horrible
• Believe - Think (Pienso)
• Dangerous - Risky (Peligroso)
• Feeling - Emotion (Sentimiento)
• Quick - Fast (Rápido)
• Surprised - Shocked (Sorprendente)
• Fantastic - Great (Fantástico)
• Enormous - Huge (Enorme)
• Tiny - Very small (Muy pequeño)
• Frightened - Afraid (Miedoso)
• Attractive - Beautiful (Atractivo)
• Comfortable - Cozy (Cómodo)
• Run away - Escape (Huir)
• Grow up - Become an adult (Crecer)
• Marks - Results (Marcas)
• Peaceful - Quiet (Tranquilo)
• Pleasant - Kind (Agradable)
• Skyscraper - Tall building (Rascacielos)
• Underground - Tube (Subterráneo)
• Sort of - Kind of (Tipo de)
• Crowded - Plenty of people (Lleno de personas)
• Free time - Spare time (Tiempo libre)
• Allow - Let (Permitir)
• Refuse - Reject (Rechazar)
• Escape - Run away (Escapar)
• Get on

Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan

The Occupational Health and Safety Management Plan is the essential tool for integrating preventive activities within a company. It typically includes:

• Identification Data
• Organizational Structure
• Production Organization
• Company Organization
• Prevention Policy, Objectives, and Goals
• Human, Technical, Material, and Economic Resources
• Plan Review and Update Procedures
• The company's own periodic risk assessment, including control and risk management
• Details of preventive health surveillance activities
• A Self-Protection Plan

Health Surveillance: Mandatory Medical Examinations

Medical examinations are mandatory when:

• It is essential to assess the effects of working conditions on workers' health.
• Checking the worker'

First Aid

Position the Injured: Place the wounded person on their side to prevent choking and ensure their tongue does not obstruct their airway.

Kit: Soothing agents, betadine, bandages, plasters, thermometer, ointments, syringes, chlorhexidine, tape.

Cardiac Massage

Place the heel of your right hand on the lower half of the sternum and your left hand on top. Perform 60-80 compressions per minute for adults and 100 for babies.

Rescue Breathing

Place the heel of your hand on the forehead of the wounded person, pinch their nose, and lift their jaw with your other hand. Breathe directly into their mouth at a rate of 10 breaths per minute for adults and 15-20 for babies.

Health Concepts

Health

A complete state in which a person normally develops all their...

Skin Preparation Prior to Surgery: Surgical Field Objectives

To facilitate involvement and prevent infection.

Steps:

1. Prepare and inform the patient about the materials.
2. Accommodate and expose the area, protecting it with a towel.
3. Prepare bed linens.
4. Inspect the area to be shaved.
5. Cut long hair with an electric razor and discard it.

Wet Preparation:

• Lather the area with wet gauze soaked with antiseptic soap.
• Shave the skin, stretching it without causing abrasions.
• Wash the area with antibacterial soap and dry thoroughly.

Dry Preparation:

• Shave the skin, stretching it without causing abrasions.
• Wash the area with antiseptic soap and dry thoroughly.

6. Collect the swab, ensuring no hairs remain on the bed.
7. Dispose of the razor in the appropriate container.
8. Notify

Item 2: Essential Elements of a Contract

• Agreement: Between worker and employer.
• Object: Lawful, possible, and determined; consists of work performed and salary.
• Cause: The reason for the contract's existence.

Temporary Contract Conversion to Indefinite

A contract becomes indefinite if:

• Social Security registration is not provided.
• It is not in writing or involves fraud.
• It violates labor laws.
• There is illegal assignment of workers.

Indefinite Contracts

Includes ordinary contracts, building industry agreements, and permanent discontinuous employment programs.

Temporary Contracts

1. Formative Contracts

• Learning: Ages 16 to 21 (max 24). Duration: 6 months to 2 years. No unemployment benefits.
• In Practice: Requires a degree, within 4 years of graduation. In

Anatomy of the Middle Ear

Tympanic Cavity (Middle Ear)

The tympanic cavity is a space located in the petrous part of the temporal bone. Its walls are as follows:

• External Wall: Formed by the tympanic membrane (eardrum). The space superior to the membrane is the epitympanic recess (attic).
• Internal (Medial) Wall: This wall separates the middle ear from the inner ear. It features the promontory (a central bulge) and two openings: the oval window (fenestra vestibuli) and the round window (fenestra cochleae). These windows communicate with the inner ear cavities and are sealed by the stapes (oval window) and the secondary tympanic membrane (round window).
• Anterior Wall: Contains the opening for the Eustachian tube (auditory tube), which connects to

Drug Administration Pathways

Enteral Routes (Oral Administration)

These routes involve administration through the gastrointestinal tract:

• Oral Mucosa: Primarily a passage for drugs during swallowing, not a significant absorption site.
• Esophageal Mucosa: Minimal absorption occurs during transit.
• Stomach Mucosa: Limited absorption. The acidic pH (2.5-3.5) favors the absorption of weak acids (pKa > 2). Absorption depends on the drug's pKa.
• Intestinal Mucosa (Small Intestine): Major site of absorption due to its very large surface area (villi) and high vascularization. The basic pH (5-8) favors the absorption of weak bases (pKa < 9).
• Large Intestine Mucosa: Less absorption compared to the small intestine and stomach. Alkaline pH. Primarily absorbs

FUNCTIONS
Medicine seeks to understand better the human physiology to find new treatments or techniques quir.
Other fields: (k study)
- Epidemiology: distribution and impact of diseases on the pop.
- Sociology and Medical Anthropology: social and cultural aspects of health.
- Inv. Health system: organizing the financing and provision of medical care.
- Forensic medicine: legilslaciones different with medicine.
- Ethics and deontology: the confluctos studies that may be in the ej.De inv.Médicas and medicine.
Role of research: generating knowledge
Medical function: ensuring the health of their patients.
If there is conflict between these two aspects should prevail according to the doctor.

CLINICAL TRIAL
Inv.Clínica processes to a...

Emerging Diseases Defined

An emerging disease is a disease that appears at specific times and places and has become a new epidemic. Examples include:

• Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS): A disease affecting humans infected by HIV.
• Bird Flu (Avian Influenza): A disease caused by a virus primarily affecting birds, which can be transmitted to humans through contact with infected birds or their environment.
• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): A form of pneumonia that first appeared in 2002 in China and subsequently spread to other countries.

Re-emerging Diseases Explained

Re-emerging diseases are infectious diseases from the past that had been significantly reduced but have re-emerged, often with increased incidence or geographic spread....