Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for History for Baccalaureate

Twenty years after the uprising in Cuba, which had been repressed by the Peace of Zanjón, the independence movement reappeared in Cuba and Puerto Rico in 1895, and in the Philippines in 1896.

Cuban Revolution and US Intervention

In Cuba, almost the entire population rose up against Spain, led by José Martí of the Cuban Revolutionary Party (PRC). Spain granted Cuba broad autonomy, but it was of little use because the United States entered the conflict on the side of the revolutionaries, hoping for economic advantages from trade with Cuba.

The sinking of the battleship USS Maine, which allegedly killed hundreds of people at the hands of the Spanish, provoked the immediate declaration of war on Spain by the United States. The US ended the Spanish...

Palace of Versailles: A Pinnacle of French Baroque

The Palace of Versailles stands as the quintessential embodiment of French Baroque architecture, celebrated for its beauty, grandeur, and architectural perfection. It employs the favored elements of the era, featuring abundant columns and pilasters to alleviate the load on walls and flat or vaulted roofs, prioritizing aesthetics and grandeur. A notable feature is the ribbed roof of the Royal Chapel, culminating in a semicircular sanctuary.

The palace boasts two facades: the main one facing the city center and another, exceptionally spectacular, opening to the garden. This latter facade, along with the two wings extending on either side, forms an ensemble over 600 meters in length. All facades...

Impressionism: Monet, Renoir, Degas, Rodin

Post-impressionism: Cézanne, Gaudin, Van Gogh

Fauvism: Matisse

Expressionism: Munch, Kirchner

Cubism: analytic or Synthetic. Picasso, Braque

The forms of colonial rule→ mayor imperialist power were GB and France. Soon joined by Germany, Italy, Russia, Belgium, Spain and US and Japan. Diverse forms of colonial rule: -concessions were commercial advantages, the transfer of ports and trade. -Protectors maintained their indigenous. -Governments, but the colonial strength-controlled policy, the army and exploitation of certain territories that were India and Egypt. -Colonies where territories under the sovereignty of such metropole. Position controlled strategic points. -Settler colonialism large scale settling...

Qin Wangzheng was born in 259 BC, and it was the last year of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The Spring and Autumn Warring States began in 770 BC when Ping Wang moved to Luojing, ending in 221 BC before Qin Wang won the political unification of China, which lasted nearly 500 years.

The Qin dynasty is from 221 B.C to 206 B.C, the first emperor is Qin Shi Huang. The dynasty was short-lived. Qin Shihuang’s unification of China has done a lot of unprecedented achievements. There are few things which contribute to the future dynasty. First is he unify the text, making it the foundation of a nation and extending it to this day. Second the country was abolished, and the county was established. It became the standard model for post-unification management...

The Cold War: An Overview

The Rise of Two Power Blocs

The Second World War dramatically reshaped global politics. In 1945, the Allied forces, led by the US, Soviet Union, Britain, and France, defeated the Axis powers. This victory led to the emergence of two dominant powers: the US and the USSR. These powers gradually formed two opposing blocs: the Western camp, led by the US, and the Eastern camp, led by the USSR. For the first time, global politics became organized along ideological lines, with the US representing liberal democracy and the USSR championing socialism and communism.

A New Kind of Warfare

The Cold War differed from previous wars because it lacked direct military conflict between the US and the USSR. Instead, it was an ideological...

October Revolution of 1917

The Days of October

The socialist revolution began in Petrograd (formerly St. Petersburg). Leon Trotsky, opposing the Provisional Government led by Kerensky, organized the Petrograd Soviet. Uprisings of sailors and workers, with the essential participation of the Red Guard (founded by Trotsky), culminated in the assault on the Winter Palace.

Revolutionary Measures: State and Leninism

Vladimir Lenin, leader of the Bolshevik party, led the political action and dissolution of the Constituent Assembly. A new revolutionary government, the Council of People's Commissars, headed by Lenin, was elected. A new state structure emerged: the All-Russian Congress of Soviets as the legislature, and the Council of People's Commissars...

International Repercussions of the Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War had significant international implications. While national powers feared Hitler, they were also wary of the Soviet Union. Many believed that only Germany could halt the spread of revolution. When the war began, Hitler and Mussolini agreed to provide military aid requested by Franco and Mola. In this situation, the Republican government, led by Leon Blum, asked José Giral (France) for the sale of weapons to crush the uprising. He initially accepted, but the British government soon pressured him to change his policy. Baldwin did not favor the Republican government and was unwilling to enter into a European conflict. This led to the policy of non-intervention.

Policy of

FUEROS AND LIBERALISM: CARLIST WARS AND PROCESS TO ABOLISH THE FUEROS (1833-1876)

The Foral Regime

Fueros were the old laws of Basque people at the beginning were oral, but then became to be written. Even though Basque Fueros were not the only ones, they lasted more than the others, until 1876. In addition, it must be said that each Basque territory had its own Fueros: Guipozcoa, Alava, Viscay, Lapurdi, Zuberoa and Navarre. This implied that each territory has its own government as well.

Characteristics:

• The institutions were the following ones:

  • Town Councils: there were the essential units of political organization. Citizens chose their mayors. Moreover, each council used to send its representative to the General Juntas.

  • General Juntas: their main

Text 9 Librecambism and protectionism

This text Is a transcription of a speech given by the speaker Federico Etxebarria, a Basque (). Its aim is to complain about a possible trade treaty between Spain And Germany, which will allowed German iron to be sold in the country. It is a First level text dated on the late 19^th century, in 1893.

This Speech was given during the period of Restoration System, implied after the Intention, in 1874, of creating a republic in the country. The country was at This period run by the 1876 Constitution and where the two dynastic parties, The conservatives of Cánovas and the liberals of Sagasta took it in terms to Govern. Rigging elections enable this situation. Economicwise, Spain was not Very developed. Agriculture...

The War in Morocco: Development and Consequences

The Origins of Spanish Military Presence in North Africa

The origin of the Spanish military presence in North Africa can be traced back to the Franco-British agreements of 1904. Spanish colonial intervention in the Maghreb was the outcome of the game of alliances and competing interests between Britain and France.

• Britain wished, for geostrategic and economic reasons, to maintain control of the Strait of Gibraltar.
• France sought to extend its domination over the Maghreb, securing and expanding its position in Algeria.

The signing of the Anglo-French agreements of 1904 meant the resolution of old colonial diplomatic differences. According to this commitment, the English government would support the...