Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for English for Secondary education

Relative Clauses

1. The stadium where I played my first tournament is near my house.
2. The ski lodge, which is in the Pyrenees, opens in two weeks.
3. Tina, whose mum is a famous tennis player, sits next to me in class.

Prepositions and Relative Pronouns

1. Monica is in the class for which I signed up.
2. I am not keen on the team against which we are competing.
3. The travel time depends on the place from which you start.
4. My friend, on whom I rely for support, is Tony.

Verb Patterns and Reporting Verbs

1. Pat denied breaking the windows yesterday.
2. The teacher warned Sara not to use that website.
3. Mum reminded Helen to give those apples to her grandmother.
4. David offered to give Kim a lift the day after.
5. Julia admitted to having lost the money the week before.
6. Simon advised Ian

Verb Patterns

Followed by -ing (Gerund)

love, like, prefer, hate, admit, avoid, can't help, can't stand, consider, deny, enjoy, fancy, feel like, imagine, keep, mind, miss, suggest, it's no use, be worth, look forward to, after doing, before, be interested in, be good at, be keen on, be fed up with, be for, by doing, on doing, carry on

Verbs + To-Infinitive

would love, would like, would prefer, would hate, agree, aim, arrange, appear, ask, beg someone, can't afford, choose, decide, expect, fail, forget, force someone, get someone, help, hope, invite, learn, manage, offer, plan, persuade someone, promise, refuse, remind someone, seem, teach someone, tell someone, threaten, used to, want, warn someone

Bare Infinitive (Modal Verbs)

can, could, may,

Application for Laboratory Position

Dear Sir or Madame, I am writing to express interest in the vacant laboratory position advertised in the Daily Mirror. I am twenty-one years old, in my final year at university, and pursuing studies related to the job offer, making me the ideal candidate. My CV demonstrates my relevant experience from pharmacy internships throughout college, where I had sole responsibility in the lab. This hands-on experience has reinforced my decision to seek a career in the laboratory. I am hard-working, punctual, and committed to the field. I am sure the experience of working in the laboratory will provide invaluable insight and a unique opportunity to acquire a range of skills and expertise. Please find my CV attached....

Queen - The Show Must Go On

Empty spaces - what are we living for
Abandoned places - I guess we know the score
On and on, does anybody know what we are looking for...

Another hero, another mindless crime
Behind the curtain, in the pantomime
Hold the line, does anybody want to take it anymore

The show must go on
The show must go on

Inside my heart is breaking
My make-up may be flaking
But my smile still stays on.

Whatever happens, I'll leave it all to chance
Another heartache, another failed romance
On and on, does anybody know what we are living for?

I guess I'm learning, I must be warmer now
I'll soon be turning, round the corner now
Outside the dawn breaking
But inside in the dark I'm aching to be free

The show must go on
The show must go on

Inside my heart is...

Finding Yourself in the French Countryside

“You need to get lost in order to find yourself.” That is what my family and I discovered during the summer of 2013, when we got lost in the middle of nowhere in France. We stayed in a beautiful cabin nestled in a lush, green forest, full of trees and flowers, to enjoy a week of peacefulness during our summer holidays.

A Secluded French Retreat

France was our destination; we wanted peace and quiet, away from civilization, which our cottage in the woods provided. As we drove along what seemed like an endless road, we arrived at a large, ancient cottage located in a vivid grassland surrounded by blossoms. The forest featured sky-high, bright green trees with moistened trunks, shining under the rays...

New York City Experiences and Events

7. Antonio's New Year's Eve Plans

Antonio is going to spend New Year's Eve with Elaine and some people from the Thanksgiving dinner at a hotel overlooking Times Square. They will have dinner and dance.

Rockefeller Center at Christmas

The most interesting things you can see at Rockefeller Center at Christmas are the outdoor ice-skating rink and the twenty-meter-high pine tree above it.

Antonio's Surprise in Times Square

Times Square was already almost full. There were thousands of people there, although it was freezing.

Elaine's Gift to Antonio

Antonio found in the envelope a photograph of Elaine and him at the Empire State Building. She had also written a message on the back of the photograph.

8. Antonio's Worry

Mental Processes: Participants and Subtypes

Mental processes are constructed with main participants: the Experiencer (or Senser), the mental process itself, and the Phenomenon. These are processes of experiencing or sensing.

Subtypes of Mental Processes

• Perception: (see, hear, feel). Behavioural processes distinguish between non-volitional acts (see, hear) and volitional acts (look, watch, listen).
• Cognition: (know, understand, believe).
• Affection: (like, love, admire, miss).
• Desideration: (hope, desire, fear, want, wish).

There is always a conscious participant, the Experiencer or Senser, who perceives, knows, or likes. There is usually a second participant, the Phenomenon—that which is perceived, known, or wanted.

Present Progressive and Lexical

Conditionals and Sentence Transformation

1. You will not be allowed to go out if you don't eat up your dinner.

   Unless you eat up your dinner, you will not be allowed to go out.

2. Nobody will help you if you don't ask for help.

   Unless you ask for help, nobody will help you.

3. We didn't buy the tickets in advance, so we missed the concert.

   If I had bought the tickets in advance, I wouldn't have missed the concert.

4. Michael doesn't study that subject because his school doesn't offer it.

   If the school offered that subject, Michael would study it.

5. I will phone your parents if your behavior doesn't improve.

   Unless your behavior improves, I will phone your parents.

6. “Don't touch the match or you will burn your finger.”

   If you touch the match, you will burn your finger.

The Lion Sleeps Tonight Lyrics

Lala kahle [Sleep well]

In the jungle, the mighty jungle

The lion sleeps tonight

In the jungle, the mighty jungle

The lion sleeps tonight

Imbube

Ingonyama ifile [The lion's in peace]

Ingonyama ilele [The lion sleeps]

Thula [Hush]

Near the village, the peaceful village

The lion sleeps tonight

Near the village, the peaceful village

The lion sleeps tonight

Imbube

Ingonyama ilele [The lion sleeps]

Hush my darling, don't fear my darling

The lion sleeps tonight

Hush my darling, don't fear my darling

The lion sleeps tonight

He, ha helelemama [He, ha helelemama]

Ohi'mbube [lion]