Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Employment training and career guidance for Baccalaureate

Music Industry Vocabulary

• Lead singer: cantante
• Composer: compositor
• Disc jockey: DJ
• Violinist: violinista
• Guitarist: guitarrista
• Drummer: batería
• Fans: fans
• Conductor: director
• Play: tocar
• Record: grabar
• Write: escribir
• Sing: cantar
• Release: publicar
• On stage: en el escenario
• In the charts: en las listas
• In a recording studio: en un estudio de grabación

Verb and Adjective Prepositions

• Hear about: oír sobre
• Depend on: depender de
• Agree with: estar de acuerdo con
• Work at: trabajar en
• Work on: trabajar en algo
• Good at: bueno en
• Proud of: orgulloso de
• Similar to: parecido a
• Angry with: enfadado con

Conditional Sentences and Grammar

• If I had known he was going, I would have gone.
• Simon would have studied harder if he had known.
• She wouldn't have sat in the seat if she had

1. Relative Sentences

1. He looked up a new case. The traces of the case had already been checked up. = The traces of the case WHICH he looked up had already been checked up.
2. Leonardo DiCaprio has just won an Oscar. He starred in many selected films. = Leonardo DiCaprio, WHO starred in many selected films, has just won an Oscar.
3. Tim used to volunteer and help out in Oxfam. His siblings work as clerks. = Tim, WHOSE siblings work as clerks, used to volunteer and help out in Oxfam.
4. I kept my notes in the leather wallet. It was in the second drawer. = I kept my notes in the leather wallet WHICH was in the second drawer.

2. Conditional Sentences

1. Unless he trains for longer, he WON’T win the race.
2. Supposing he belonged to a Charity House, he WOULD help out

Audio

Travel Agent: Organized and Communicative

• Excellent customer service skills.
• Highly organized and communicative.
• Confident in speaking with people.
• Strong sales skills.
• Proficient IT skills.

A travel agent needs excellent customer service skills. They also require strong sales abilities to sell holiday and travel products to customers. Furthermore, good IT skills are essential to find information and make bookings online.

Flight Attendant: Customer-Focused and Efficient

• Customer-focused and efficient.
• Calm and patient.
• Strong communication skills.
• Effective team player.
• Knowledge of first aid and medical procedures.

A flight attendant must be a good communicator who can interact with people from diverse cultures and work effectively within a team....

Expand your English proficiency with this curated list of essential words, phrasal verbs, and common expressions, complete with Catalan and Spanish translations. This resource is designed to help you enhance your communication skills and deepen your understanding of everyday English.

Core Vocabulary & Nouns

• A Will: un testament
• Soft Drinks: refrescos
• Hazard: perill
• Status Quo: el que està establert
• A Say On: tenir veu
• Thrill Seeker: amante de la adrenalina
• Runner-up: Segundo puesto
• Bribe: soborno
• Disgrace: vergonya
• Deception: engany

Verbs & Phrasal Verbs

• Withdraw: retirar
• Toy With: jugar
• Take On: adquirir
• Pick On: tractar malament/injustament
• Leave Out: excloure
• Get Rid Of: desfer-se
• Stick: mantenir-se
• Dropped To: caigut a
• Lift: aixecar
• Hesitate: dubtar
• Spring

Verbs Followed by Gerunds

• ADMIT
• ADVISE
• AVOID
• BEGIN
• CAN'T HELP
• CAN'T STAND
• CAN'T IMAGINE
• COMPLETE
• CONSIDER
• CONTINUE
• DELAY
• DETEST
• DISCUSS
• DISLIKE
• DON'T MIND
• ENJOY
• FINISH
• FORGET
• GIVE UP
• GO ON
• HATE
• IMAGINE
• INVOLVE
• KEEP
• LIKE
• LOVE
• MENTION
• MIND
• MISS
• POSTPONE
• PRACTICE
• PREFER
• RECALL
• RECOMMEND
• REGRET
• REMEMBER
• REPORT
• RESIST
• RISK
• START
• STOP
• SUGGEST
• TRY
• UNDERSTAND

Verbs Followed by Infinitives

• AFFORD
• AGREE
• APPEAR
• ARRANGE
• ASK
• ATTEMPT
• BEG
• BEGIN
• CHOOSE
• CONSENT
• CONTINUE
• DARE
• DECIDE
• DEMAND
• EXPECT
• FORGET
• GET READY
• GO ON
• HATE
• HOPE
• INTEND
• LEARN
• LIKE
• LOVE
• MANAGE
• NEED
• NECESSITATE
• OFFER
• PREPARE
• PRETEND
• PROMISE
• REFUSE
• REMEMBER
• SEEM
• START
• STOP
• THREATEN
• TRY
• WAIT
• WANT
• WISH

Verbs Accepting Both Gerunds and Infinitives

• LIKE
• LOVE
• START
• HATE
• BEGIN
• CONTINUE

Verbs que Canvien de Significat: Gerund vs. Infinitiu

• FORGET
  • -ING: Oblidar una acció passada (no recordar haver-

Saving Lives on Bikes

Emergency Response Analysis

• A3: TRUE – “Allows him to reach places that normal emergency vehicles cannot access.”
• A4: FALSE – “Cycle responders are becoming increasingly common in crowded cities, pedestrian areas, shopping centres, and outdoor events.”
• A5: TRUE – “Bike ambulances fitted with trailers are used to transport patients from remote villages to distant hospitals and clinics.”
• A6: FALSE – “Bike ambulances are made using local materials and by local workers.”

Vocabulary and Synonyms

• A7.1: “Enables” – allows
• A7.2: “Benefits” – advantages
• A8.1: “Far away from developed places” – remote
• A8.2: “An organisation that…” – charity

Grammar Practice

• B1: He isn't old enough to drive a

Essential Money Vocabulary

Income (Ingresos)

Money that you receive, usually from working.

Allowance (Prestación / Paga)

An amount of money you receive regularly to buy the things you need.

Savings (Ahorros)

Money that you have reserved so that you can use it later.

Live on (Vivir con lo suficiente)

To have a particular amount of money to buy the things that you need to live.

Repay the debt (Pagar la deuda)

To give someone money that you have borrowed from them.

Debit card (Tarjeta de débito)

A plastic card given by a bank that you use for paying for things (linked directly to your bank balance).

Donate (Donar / Donativo)

To give money or goods to an organization, especially a charity.

Small change (Monedas pequeñas de cambio)

Coins of low value.

Beg (Rogar

Passive Voice

to be + verb. (participle)

Prest. simple: (is/are) + STOLEN

Prest. continous : (is/are) + BEING + STOLEN

Past simple: (was/were) + STOLEN

MODALS: (MUST/CAN/SHOULD) + BE + STOLEN

- They told me the truth.

- I was told the truth.(Em van dir la veritat.)

- The truth was told to me.

Causative

HAVE/GET + SOMETHING + DONE

- I had my house painted last summer.

- We are getting our car fixed this afternoon.

Impersonal Passive

(say, believe, claim, know, report, think, consider, mention...)

People believe the president is unfair.

It is believed that the president is unfair.

Relative Sentences

DEFINING RELATIVE.

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE: entre comas, nunca THAT, nunca se omite el pronombre.

PERSON: who/whom (a quien/a quienes)/that

- The teacher (who) Alice is...

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO: Susan is who failed

THAT: Denis is the boy that has a cat (se puede quitar)

WHICH/THAT: This is the book which/that I read yesterday

WHOSE: That is the girl whose parents went to Paris

WHERE: This is the beach where I went on summer

WHEN: August is the month when I have my holiday

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO: Marta, who studied a lot, got a 10 in the exam

WHICH: Matilda, which I have read many times, is a really cool book

REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES

→ Present participle (-ing) replaced by active form

Se quita who’s, that’s…

Do you know who’s studying?

→ Past participle replace passive verbs

Some of the questions that were included were difficult

Who/That→ para personas (quien)

Which/That→para cosas (el cual)...

Essential English Vocabulary for Art and Creativity

Art Terminology and Definitions

• abstract
• cave painting (pintura rupestre)
• graffiti
• landscape (paisatge)
• photograph (fotografia)
• portrait (retrat)
• sculpture
• still life (bodega)
• street art (art urbà)

Verbs Related to Art Creation and Display

• enlarge (ampliar)
• frame (marc)
• hang (penjar)
• print (imprimir)
• save to hard drive (guardar-ho en un dispositiu)
• take (fer una foto)

People and Tools in the Art World

• artist
• brush (pinzell)
• easel (caballet)
• gallery
• model
• paint
• palette
• pedestal
• portfolio
• sculptor
• sculpture
• bust
• photography

Grammar Focus: Make vs. Do

Understanding the difference between make and do is crucial for fluency.

Using "Make"

We usually use make to talk about creating or constructing something, or producing a result....