Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Employment training and career guidance for Baccalaureate

The Fortune-Teller

The fortune-teller el adivino John, look. There's a fortune-teller in that tent. Let's go in. John, mira. Hay una adivina en esa tienda. Entremos. Welcome boys. I'm Miss Larissa. Have a seat. What would you like to know? Bienvenidos chicos. Soy la señorita Larissa. Toma asiento. ¿Qué te gustaría saber? Of course not. It's just for fun. Come on. Por supuesto no. Es solo por diversión. Venga. You can't be serious Don't tell me you actually believe that stuff! No puedes estar en serio No me digas que realmente crees eso! You'll also get married and have two beautiful children. También te casarás y tendrás dos hermosos hijos. Will I be successful? ¿Seré exitoso? Hmm my crystal ball says that you'll become a doctor. Hmm...

Unit 3: Understanding the Passive Voice

Passive Voice Formation Across English Tenses

The passive voice is formed using the verb to be + the past participle of the main verb.

1. Present Simple Tense

• Active: Farmers grow food.
• Passive: Food is grown by farmers.

2. Present Continuous Tense

• Active: They are making a film.
• Passive: A film is being made.

3. Present Perfect Tense

• Active: Scientists have discovered a new planet.
• Passive: A new planet has been discovered by scientists.

4. Past Simple Tense

• Active: The police arrested him.
• Passive: He was arrested by the police.

5. Past Continuous Tense

• Active: They were planning the next party.
• Passive: The next party was being planned.

6. Past Perfect Tense

• Active: Someone had stolen my car.
• Passive: My car had been

This sentence is true. According to the text, the text states that, because the text states that. Nowadays (it is a well-known fact, everyone agrees that), in general, as far as we know (the question is whether this is good for everyone). There are several reasons why I would choose this type of place.

• On the one hand, firstly, secondly
• On the other hand, in contrast, besides, many people (think/do)

(let us now move on to, another factor to take into account is, and that is not all, as I see it, I'm of the point that, and I shall take as an example, it can be seen that .. there is, it is a fact that, it can be assumed that, it is clear that, without a doubt, it is hard to believe that, from my point of view,)

To sum up I would like to say that,

Essential Business Idioms

• To put in a nutshell: To explain clearly and concisely.
• To get straight to the point: To talk about the most important issues.
• To hear it on the grapevine: To receive information from a third party or rumor.
• To put someone in the picture/loop: To provide the latest information.
• To get the wrong end of the stick: To misunderstand something.
• To be on the same wavelength: To share the same opinions or ideas.
• Can’t make head nor tail of it: To not understand anything.
• To talk at cross-purposes: To misunderstand someone.
• To beat about the bush: To delay talking about the main point.

Business Vocabulary

Marketing and Strategy

Marketing: Mix, strategy, plan, campaign. Market: Adaptation, penetration, segmentation, leader, survey, sector....

1a Acronym

Acronyms are abbreviations formed from the initial letters of other words and pronounced as a word.

1b Stereotypes

Stereotypes are widely held but fixed and oversimplified ideas or images of a particular type of person or thing.

1c Teambuilding

Teambuilding refers to activities designed to enhance social relations and define roles within a team.

1d Nonverbal Communication

Nonverbal communication includes gestures, facial expressions, body language, and other forms of communication without the use of words.

1e Attention, Interest, Desire, Action

The Attention, Interest, Desire, Action (AIDA) model is a marketing communication model that outlines the steps a consumer goes through when making a purchasing decision.

2a When a Company Offers a

The Picture of Dorian Gray

Basil's Demise

On the eve of Dorian Gray's thirty-eighth birthday, he encountered his friend Basil Hallward, who was about to depart for Paris. Basil, concerned about the rumors surrounding Dorian's reputation, expressed his desire to see Dorian's soul. Dorian reluctantly revealed his portrait to Basil. In a fit of rage, Dorian stabbed Basil to death.

The Aftermath of Murder

The following morning, Dorian enlisted the help of Alan Campbell, an old friend, to dispose of Basil's body. Initially reluctant, Alan eventually agreed after Dorian presented him with an incriminating document. Together, they concealed the evidence of the crime.

A Chance Encounter

Seeking solace in opium, Dorian ventured into a den where he encountered...

Pre-War Foundations of Galician Language (1906-1923)

Significant events occurred during the subsequent years:

• 1906: Foundation of the Real Academia Galega (Royal Galician Academy).
• 1916: Creation of the first Irmandades da Fala (Brotherhoods of the Language) in A Coruña. These associations sought to defend, diffuse, and promote the use of Galician. With them, Galician nationalism emerged, fostering a tendency to use the language systematically and exclusively for all types of writings.
• 1920: Creation of the magazine Nós, which gave its name to the group that founded it, defining a literary generation and a historical period of Galician culture.
• 1923: Constitution of the Seminario de Estudos Galegos (Seminar of Galician Studies) in Santiago de

Communication Idioms and Phrases

• Chinese whispers (el joc del telèfon): Misinformation spread through retelling.
• Get hold of: Localitzar (To locate or contact someone).
• Get/give the low-down: Donar tots els detalls (To give or receive detailed information).
• Hear through the grapevine: Sentir de forma informal (To hear news unofficially).
• Hit the airwaves: Fer públic (To broadcast on radio or TV).
• Megaphone diplomacy: Amenaçar públicament, no directament (Public threats instead of direct negotiation).
• Out of touch: Estar desconnectat d’algú (Not knowing recent developments).
• Put someone in the picture: Posar al dia algú sobre un tema (To inform someone).
• Spread like wildfire: Estendre’s com la pólvora (To spread very quickly).
• Stool pigeon:

Marketing and Advertising Vocabulary

Key Marketing Terms

• Launch a marketing campaign: Lanzar una campaña de publicidad.
• Freebies: Regalos publicitarios.
• Cold calls: Llamadas en frío / Teleoperador.
• Endorse: Promocionar / Avalar.
• Brand name: Nombre de marca.
• Billboards: Valla publicitaria.
• Word-of-mouth publicity: Publicidad de boca en boca (publicidad social).
• Banners: Pancarta / Banner.

Descriptive Adjectives and Polysemous Words

Compound Adjectives for Situations

• Soul-destroying: Desmoralizador.
• Heart-stopping: Situación de infarto.
• Heart-warming: Situación reconfortante.
• Hair-raising: Horroroso y emocionante.
• Breakneck: A toda velocidad.
• Ear-splitting: Ensordecedor (te rompe los oídos).
• Eye-opening: Situación reveladora.
• Eye-catching: Atractivo / Llamativo.