Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Spanish for Secondary education

English Language Essentials

Key Vocabulary for Global Issues

• War (guerra)
• Peace (paz)
• Terrorism (terrorismo)
• Immigration (inmigración)
• Famine (hambruna)
• Malnutrition (malnutrición)
• Poverty (pobreza)
• Racism (racismo)
• Pollution (contaminación)
• The environment (el medio ambiente)
• Disease (enfermedad)
• Illiteracy (analfabetismo)

Mastering the Verb 'Get'

• Get fatter: become
• Get home: arrive
• Get presents: receive
• Get a medal: obtain
• Get a sandwich: buy
• Get someone a glass of water: bring

Useful Expressions for English Dialogue

• So do I/Neither do I (Yo también/yo tampoco)
• I suppose so (Supongo que sí)
• Do you think so? (Usted cree?)
• I agree/I don't agree (Estoy de acuerdo/No estoy de acuerdo)
• I'm not sure. Maybe you're right. (No estoy seguro, quizás tengas razón).

Core

Essential English Vocabulary and Grammar

Adjectives for Describing People

Hair

• Short
• Curly
• Long
• Dark
• Fair
• Brown

Body

• Slim
• Short
• Fat
• Tall

Eyes

• Blue
• Brown
• Dark

Everyday Activities and Verbs

• Do exercise: hacer ejercicio
• Get up: levantarse
• Go out: salir
• Have a shower: ducharse
• Make breakfast/lunch/dinner: desayunar/comer/cenar
• Sleep: dormir
• Go to bed: acostarse
• Tidy up: ordenar
• Wash the dishes: fregar los platos
• Wash your hair: lavarse el pelo
• Cook: cocinar
• Do homework: hacer los deberes
• Do the ironing: planchar
• Make the bed: hacer la cama
• Play computer games: jugar
• Read a magazine: leer una revista
• Take the rubbish out: sacar la basura
• Watch TV: ver la tele

Common Television Programs

• Advert: anuncio
• Cartoon: dibujos
• Comedy programme
• Film
• Game show
• Reality show
• Soap opera: telenovela
• Sports

More Like Jesus

More like Jesus would I be,
Let my Savior dwell in me;
Fill my soul with peace and love;
Make me gentle as a dove;
More like Jesus, while I go,
Pilgrim in this world below;
Poor in spirit would I be;
Let my Savior dwell in me.

If He hears the raven's cry,
If His ever-watchful eye
Marks the sparrows when they fall,
Surely He will hear my call:
He will teach me how to live,
All my sinful thoughts forgive;
Pure in heart I still would be;
Let my Savior dwell in me.

More like Jesus when I pray,
More like Jesus day by day;
May I rest me by His side,
Where the tranquil waters glide:
Born of Him, through grace renewed,
By His love my will subdued,
Rich in faith I still would be;
Let my Savior dwell in me.

Literary Terms

• Knickerbockers: Three

Clasificación de las palabras

Según su significado

• Sustantivos: nombran objetos, seres o ideas (ej. libro, árbol, bondad).
• Adjetivos: expresan cualidades (ej. pequeño, frondoso, verde).
• Verbos: establecen acciones, estados o procesos (ej. acompañar, ser, madurar).
• Adverbios: indican circunstancias de lugar, tiempo, modo, etc. (ej. aquí, ahora, lentamente).

Según su forma

• Variables: cambian su forma (ej. ciudad/ciudades, nadaba/nadábamos).
• Invariables: no cambian de forma (ej. por, pero, además).
• Simples: formadas por un solo monema (ej. agua, nube, y, por).
• Compuestas: formadas por más de un lexema (ej. lavaplatos, parachoques).
• Primitivas: no contienen ningún morfema derivativo (ej. casa, perro).
• Derivadas: contienen prefijos, infijos o sufijos

Let's delve into the concepts of morality and different ethical theories:

• Moral act: An example is paying taxes.
• Immoral act: An example is driving with excessive speed.
• Amoral act: An example is taking a nap.

What is Morality?

Morality concerns how individuals and their actions should be, along with the norms and values that society accepts. These norms and values may form a code of conduct or moral code.

Heteronomy Stage

Children initially act out of impulses or instincts. Soon, they internalize values and norms from family, school, and their own emotional experiences.

Stoicism and Epicureanism

• Stoicism: This philosophy posits that individuals must adapt themselves to the laws of the universe.
• Epicureanism: This philosophy states that the most important

English Verb Tenses and Structures

• Presente simple (-): I don't live in England.
• Presente continuo (?): Am I writing a letter?
• Presente continuo for future arrangements (+): My parents are leaving town tomorrow.
• Futuro simple (-): I won't swim.
• "Be going to" future (+): I am going to speak.
• Pasado simple (+): I wanted to dance.
• Pasado continuo: I was eating something.
• Past simple: I wanted to dance.
• Imperativo (-): Don't stop!
• Presente perfecto (yet): Have they come yet?
• Presente perfecto (already): We've already had our breakfast.
• With "Should": He should work harder.
• With "Must": I really must stop smoking.
• Have to: I don't have to work every day.
• There was/were with any: Are there any other people left?

Common Sentence Examples

• I'm going to make the bed.

Social Issues and Urban Life Vocabulary

• Treat: Tratar
• Low-income: Bajos ingresos
• Sense of belonging: Sentido de pertenencia
• Slum: Barrio bajo / Tugurio
• Feel left out: Sentirse excluido
• Juvenile delinquency: Delincuencia juvenil
• Reach a compromise: Llegar a un compromiso
• Homeless: Vagabundo / Sin techo
• Get along with: Llevarse bien con
• Gangs: Bandas criminales
• See eye to eye: Estar de acuerdo / Ver las cosas de la misma manera
• Residential area: Zona residencial
• Pull my weight: Hacer mi parte / Colaborar
• Crime rate: Tasa de criminalidad
• Take advantage of: Aprovecharse de
• Suburbs: Las afueras
• Share: Cuota / Parte
• Commute: Ir al trabajo
• Lend: Prestar
• Traffic jams: Atascos
• Considerate: Considerado
• Green spaces: Espacios verdes
• In charge of: A cargo de
• Litter: Basura
• Graffiti:

Ejercicios de Subredes Clase C

1. Subnetting con Máscara 240 (/28)

La máscara de subred 255.255.255.240 corresponde a /28 (4 bits de subred, 4 bits de host).

Representación binaria del último octeto: 11110000.

Tabla de Subredes /28 (Red 192.168.27.0)

Mary Maloney at the Start of the Story

1. How would you describe Mary at the beginning of the story? ¿Cómo describirías a Mary al comienzo de la historia?

There was a slow smiling air about her, and about everything she did. The drop of her head as she bent over her sewing was curiously tranquil. Her skin—for this was her sixth month with child—had acquired a wonderful translucent quality; the mouth was soft, and the eyes, with their new placid look, seemed larger and darker than before.

Mary's Feelings for Her Husband

2. In general, how does the woman feel about her husband? Do you think she is in love with him? Look for 3 things that show she is in love with him. En general, ¿cómo se siente la mujer con respecto a su esposo? ¿Crees