Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for English for Vocational training

Analyzing Alex's Emotional Turmoil

Q2: The writer evokes an emotional response to the storm by using the past participle verb, 'tangled.' This verb carries connotations of entrapment and immobility caused by the storm. The reader witnesses Alex’s physical and emotional turmoil. The storm's impact on Alex highlights its power and dominance.

Alex's Internal Conflict

Q3: The text centers on Alex Cold, revealing him from two perspectives. Initially, he's alone, waking from a nightmare where his mother is taken by 'an enormous black bird.' Later, the focus shifts to Alex with his family at breakfast. His sharp response to his sister's comment, 'Momma's going to die,' connects the two scenes. The fear from the nightmare manifests in his breakfast...

The Modernist Period

The Modernist period emerged as an attempt to break away from traditional ways of thinking established in the past. This era helped people move beyond previous theories such as Romanticism. While Romanticism focused on nature, Modernism sought to base its arguments on the inner self and consciousness. Several factors influenced this period, including the Great War. Modernism aimed to expose the decay and materialistic mindset of society. Prior movements had often emphasized money and success, but this new movement sought to challenge those established values. The industrial society was viewed as capitalist and impersonal.

Psychology played a significant role in the Modernist period. The movement's proponents believed that...

Social Vocabulary and Relationships

People and Social Events

• Acquaintances (ezagunak), strangers (extraños).
• Business associates (socio), clients, delegates (representatzailea).
• Attend a business meeting (reunión de negocios).
• Ex-classmates: Have or attend a school reunion.
• Friends: Have or attend a dinner party.
• Guests (gonbidatuak): Have or attend a celebration meal (una comida de celebración).
• Neighbours (bizilagunak): Have or attend a housewarming party.
• Relatives (familikoak): Have or attend a family get-together.
• Political leaders: Attend a summit (cumbre, presidenteak gelditzen dira).
• Attend a conference, make a conference call, or listen to speakers.
• People looking for a partner: Have or go on a blind date, go on or use a dating website.
• Use

be - was/were - been - ser, estar

become - became - become - llegar a ser, convertirse

begin - began - begun - empezar

break - broke - broken - romper

bring - brought - brought - traer

build - built - built - construir

buy - bought - bought - comprar

catch - caught - caught - coger, agarrar

choose - chose - chosen - elegir

come - came - come - venir

cost - cost - cost - costar

cut - cut - cut - cortar

do - did - done - hacer

draw - drew - drawn - dibujar

dream - dreamt - dreamt - soñar

drink - drank - drunk - beber

drive - drove - driven - conducir

eat - ate - eaten - comer

fall - fell - fallen - caer

feed - fed - fed - alimentar

feel - felt - felt - sentir

fight - fought - fought - luchar, pelear

find - found - found - encontrar

fly - flew - flown - volar

forget

WRITE THE NAMES OF THE CHARACTERS BESIDE THE NOTES.

A) Retiring managers; lose money because of the Opera Ghost´s demands (POLIGNY)

B) Main dancer of the ballet; responsible for the speech at the retirement ceremony (SORELLI)

C) The face of Death, with deep hollow eyes, yellow skin, no nose; uses Box Five (ERIK)

D) In charge of moving scenery; dies early in the story (JOSEPH BUQUET)

E) Box-keeper; receives money and little presents from the Opera Ghost (MADAME GIRY)

F) Write of A Manager´s Memories; one of the new managers at the Opera (MONCHARMIN)

G) Triumphs in the prison scene of Faust; has music lessons from the Angel of Music (CHRISTINE)

H) A forty-one-year-old count; looks after his younger brother. (PHILIPPE)

I) A shy, twenty-one-year-old viscount;

Common English Opposites

Opposites:

• Small – Large
• Big/Casual – Formal
• Easy to use – Difficult
• Expensive – Cheap
• Tough – Weak
• Light – Heavy

Complete the Conversation Exchanges

1. Do you think / Don’t you think the design...?
2. How do you feel / What do you think?
3. ...about the new...
4. Do or don’t the design?

Passive Voice Sentence Practice

1. A new security system was introduced last month.
2. The office is cleaned every day.
3. My new motorbike was stolen.
4. Tickets are always checked on the train.
5. When was the microscope invented?
6. A new edition of the book was published last year.

Changing Passive Form to Active Form

1. My sister bought a new car.
2. We buy fresh fruit and vegetables for our lunch menu every day.
3. They found a great new restaurant for dinner.

Grammar Practice:

Common Irregular Verbs in English

Mastering irregular verbs is a fundamental step in achieving fluency in English. Unlike regular verbs, these do not follow the standard -ed ending for past forms.

Addressing Factory Temperature and Infrastructure

Good morning,

As you know, there are a few problems in our company that must be solved. The issue affecting all departments of the factory is the temperature. A colleague informed me that the windows are broken, so we are going to fix them first. Following that, we will purchase a new air conditioning system to resolve the temperature problem.

We are considering two ways to install the new system:

• DIY Installation: We will attempt to install it ourselves using online tutorials.
• Professional Assistance: If we are unable to complete the task, we will hire a professional. Please provide any relevant contact numbers.

Please send me any information you consider important. I will follow up once I have more...

Reading Comprehension Answer Key

I Often Spend the Day Shopping

Answers: 1.E, 2.C, 3.G, 4.A, 5.B, 6.F

Who's Playing Mind Games with You?

Answers: 1.B, 2.G, 3.D, 4.A, 5.E, 6.F

African Safari

Answers: 1.B, 2.C, 3.D, 4.B, 5.A, 6.D

A Writer's Room

• 0. Idea
• 1. Various
• 2. Primarily
• 3. Imagine
• 4. Moment
• 5. Pretend
• 6. Desire
• 7. Let
• 8. Refuse

Festivals Around the World

Answers: 1.A, 2.B, 3.D, 4.E, 5.C, 6.A, 7.C, 8.B, 9.E, 10.D

What Is Ski Touring?

Key Terms: the, of, be, have, there, able, because, in, more

Planning an Adventure Trip

Key Factors: make, get, aware, factors, prepared, exact, essential, willing, events

The Happiest Day of the Year

Key Terms: has, at, on, which, when, be, or, much

Which Person?

Answers: 1.D, 2.B, 3.C, 4.D, 5.E, 6.A, 7.E, 8.C, 9.B, 10.E

In from the

Benefits of the CAR Framework

There are considerable benefits to using the CAR method.

• Versatility: This method is applicable to any part of the job process, from your CV and cover letter to your LinkedIn profile. We recommend applying the CAR method to all aspects of your job search to get familiar with the structure prior to the interview stage.
• Effective Communication: The CAR method helps provide clear and concise answers to interview questions that demonstrate your value while also reflecting your ability to communicate efficiently.

💡 Pro-Tips: Before any behavioral interview, it is advisable to compile a series of anecdotes or success stories. Ideally, you should keep track of your achievements throughout your academic and professional...