Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for English for Secondary education

Federico García Lorca: A Life in Art

Early Life and Influences

Born on June 5, 1898, in Fuente Vaqueros, Granada, Federico García Lorca's work is deeply rooted in the melancholic traditions of Spanish lullabies. His artistic journey began in 1917, marked by a close collaboration with composer Manuel de Falla. Lorca's interest in all facets of human creativity led him to university in 1921.

Literary Beginnings

In 1919, Lorca moved to Madrid to further his studies. His early literary works, including poems and the play Mariana Pineda, reflect the cultural landscape of his time. He challenged the prevailing intellectual climate, inviting poets of the Generation of '27 to confront the neglect of traditional song forms.

Theatrical Triumphs

Lorca'...

The Mystery of Montego Bay

Part 1: The Disappearance

Where is Montego Bay?

Montego Bay is located on the east coast of Florida, near Miami.

Who founded Montego Bay?

The town was founded in the seventeenth century by pirates.

What can you see in the Wax Museum?

The Wax Museum features wax figures of famous explorers, buccaneers, sea captains, slave merchants, and criminals.

Who is Mr. O’Nell?

Mr. O’Nell is the history teacher.

What happened to him?

He disappeared one day in the Bermuda Triangle.

Part 2: The Halloween Party

Bill works in the supermarket, and Michelle takes the neighbors' dogs for walks.

Where do they have a Halloween party?

They have a Halloween party on a boat.

What is strange about the picture?

They saw a ghost in the picture.

What do Bill

Why did everyone fear Capulet’s nephew, Tybalt?

Everyone feared Tybalt because he was known as an excellent swordsman with a violent nature.

What causes the violence in Verona?

The Prince says that the hatred between the two families is responsible for their mutual violence.

What secret does Romeo tell his cousin, Benvolio?

Romeo told Benvolio that he was in love with a woman called Rosaline.

Who did Count Paris love?

He was in love with Juliet.

Why didn't Capulet want Paris to marry Juliet?

Capulet did not want the marriage yet because Juliet was his daughter and she was still a child.

Why did the servant stop Romeo in the street?

The servant stopped Romeo because he needed help. He couldn't read the guest list that Capulet gave him to invite people...

c/Gregal 7                 Grange Rochester,Hotel

STARRY NIGHT is a work by Post-Impressionist painter Vincent Van Gogh. The painting depicts a night view from a window, showing the moon and many stars over a town called Saint-Rémy-de-Provence. The picture was painted in mid-1889. Right now, this painting is represented in the Museum of Modern Art in New York. This picture is one of the best-known works of Van Gogh.

Mine is a favorite because it reminds me of the best night of my life, where I could see the stars with a great person. Every time I see it, it reminds me of that person. I also love it because blue is one of my favorite colors, and it has many shades, both light and dark, and flashes of yellow light, which I love. It is a truly perfect picture, one I love. Someday, I'd love to...

Literary Vocabulary and Author Notes

Japanese Folktale: Tokoyo and the Sea Monster

Key Vocabulary Definitions

• Livelihood: Work that provides the basic necessities of life.
• Depths: The deepest part of something.
• Misfortune: Bad luck / an unhappy situation.
• Banished: Forced to leave, driven away, expelled.
• Communication: The sharing of information between two or more individuals or groups to reach a common understanding.
• Orphan: A child whose parents are dead.
• Desire: To want.
• Cowering: Crouching from something frightening.
• Ailments: An illness.
• Deliberate: Carefully thought out; not hasty.
• Precipice: A very high and steep cliff.
• Slaying: To kill violently.
• Symptoms: A sign of something.
• Regained: To get back.

Welsh Folktale: How Water Lilies Began

Vocabulary

English Sentence Transformation Practice

Below are the corrected and transformed sentences based on the provided grammatical structures.

1. Passive Voice Example

   They say this tree is over 400 years old. (Passive)

   → This tree is said to be over 400 years old.

2. Reported Speech

   The man said to us: “Keep off the grass!” (Reported Speech)

   → The man ordered us to keep off the grass.

3. Passive Voice

   They didn’t tell me the secret. (Passive)

   → I wasn’t told the secret.

4. Modals (Deduction)

   I’m sure they are at home. The lights are on. (Modals)

   → They must be at home because the lights are on.

5. Conditionals (Third Conditional)

   I didn’t invite Beth. I had forgotten her telephone number. (Conditionals)

   → If I hadn’t forgotten Beth’s telephone number,

Verb Conjugation in English and Spanish

English Verb Patterns

Infinitives

Verbs followed by an object and an infinitive (e.g., tell, order, ask, remind, want, teach, allow):

• They allow students to take...

Used to: Always used after adjectives.

Infinitive Without To

Used after modal verbs, had better, would rather, make + object, and let + object.

The -ing Form (Gerunds)

• Prepositions: Used after prepositions (e.g., for, of, think of, succeed in) + -ing.
• Get used to: Followed by -ing.
• Certain verbs: Used after avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practise.
• Subject: Used when the word is the subject of a sentence or clause.

Passive Voice and Concession

The Passive

• Have: Have been + past participle.
• Be: Be + past participle.

Clauses of Concession

Connectors: but, although, even though,

Talking about possibility

• We use will for making predictions about the future. We often use think and I don't think with will. I don't think it'll snow tonight.
• We can use shall/shan't instead of will/won't with and and we, but will is more common. I think we shall visit Italy next summer.
• We also use will to make assumptions about the present. It's 4.40. Right now Jim will be on his way home. Helen will be getting on the plane.
• We also use will to express our assumptions about the present. It's six o'clock. Mum will be preparing dinner. I'm sure the football match will have finished by now.

must and can't

• We use must for talking about things which we can deduce are definitely true. He must be at work. He just called me from his office.
• We use can'