Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for English for Baccalaureate

Essential English Vocabulary List

• Shiver: To shake because of cold or fear.
• Rant: To speak wildly and noisily; loud, violent talk.
• Cutlery: Utensils used for eating, such as knives, forks, and spoons.
• Barrister: A lawyer.
• Aghast: Filled with amazement, disgust, fear, or terror.
• Reek: An unpleasant smell; to give off unpleasant smells; to give a strong impression.
• Dreadlocks: A hairstyle in which the hair hangs in long, thick, twisted pieces.
• Demeanor: Behavior; manner of conducting oneself.
• Sheer: Absolute.
• Devious: Dishonest or deceptive; tricky.
• Regardless: In spite of everything; anyway; without regard to.
• Wink: Closing one eye quickly as a signal.
• Bail: A sum of money used as a security deposit to ensure that an accused person returns for his or her

Part 1: Vocabulary and Grammar Practice

Exercise 1

• 1. People / Shoppers
• 2. Floors
• 3. Poorer
• 4. Bank
• 5. Traffic jam
• 6. Window
• 7. Street

Exercise 2

• 1. d
• 2. c
• 3. e
• 4. b
• 5. a

• 1. Access to
• 2. Reason for
• 3. Lack of
• 4. Along with
• 5. Break from

Exercise 3

• 1. Housing
• 2. Lack of
• 3. Abandoned
• 4. Suburbs
• 5. Neighbourhoods
• 6. Built-up
• 7. Room for
• 8. Solution to

Exercise 4

• 1. Will hold
• 2. Have increased
• 3. Will have brought
• 4. Should be emptied
• 5. Was believed
• 6. Will be demolished
• 7. Have been banned
• 8. Haven't been found
• 9. Has turned down

Exercise 5

• 1. Free parking spaces in town should be given to locals.
• 2. Have the city's historic landmarks been shown to the tourists?
• 3. City life is thought to be too stressful by many.

Exercise 6

• 1. Had / got its logo designed by a local artist
• 2. Is believed

Verb Form Completion Exercises

1. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs below: (buy, clean, have, not finish, study, visit)

• 1. Alex is visiting his grandparents this weekend because it's their anniversary.
• 2. We haven't finished lunch yet. Can you wait a little longer?
• 3. She has studied English for three years but still finds it difficult to write essays.
• 4. I knew the answer in class yesterday, so I could help my friend.
• 5. Maria was reading a magazine while her brother was cleaning the living room.
• 6. Ask the teacher. She has studied all the rules.

Verb Tense Consistency and Context

2. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in bold:

• 1. He couldn't play football because he had been ill the day before.
• 2. I don'

Reported Speech Tense Changes

• Present Simple → Past Simple: "I eat an apple," she said. → She said (that) she ate an apple.
• Present Continuous → Past Continuous: "I am eating an apple," she said. → She said (that) she was eating an apple.
• Past Continuous → Past Perfect Continuous: "I was eating an apple," she said. → She said (that) she had been eating an apple.
• Present Perfect Simple → Past Perfect Simple: "I have eaten an apple," she said. → She said (that) she had eaten an apple.
• Present Perfect Continuous → Past Perfect Continuous: "I have been eating an apple," she said. → She said (that) she had been eating an apple.
• Past Simple → Past Perfect Simple: "I ate an apple," she said. → She said (that) she had eaten an apple.

English Verb Conjugation Reference

De Antia San Miguel a BricktonFloods.Com Subjet. Complain about flood in Brickton. To whom it may concern.,

I am writing to express my strong dissatisfaction with one of your flats in Brickton, where I stayed a month ago, since everything mentioned in your advertisement different a lot from what I found.Â

Firstly, it was said in your advert that you offered a one-bed , with access to a balcony, free Wi-Fi, a sitting area, a dining space, and a fully equipped kitchen.Â

Unfortunately, I found that here was no access to a balcony, the Wi-Fi did not exist, the kitchen lacked the essential appliances mentioned in the ad, and the condition of the flat was far below expectations.Â

For all these reasons, I demanded a full refund.Â

i look forward to...

1. The Benefits of Adopting a Pet

Nowadays, many people wonder if it is better to adopt or buy a pet. In my opinion, adopting is the best option.

My main reasons for this are:

• Saving lives: There are many abandoned dogs and other animals in shelters waiting for a loving home. By adopting, you give them a second chance at life.
• Ethical concerns: We should not support businesses that profit from selling animals. It is unfair to treat animals like products, as they are living beings with feelings.

Furthermore, pets are great companions. They bring joy, help reduce stress, and create strong bonds with their owners. Adopting not only changes the animal’s life but also brings happiness to the owner.

To sum up, I strongly believe that adopting is a kind...

Writing for and Against

Introduction (No Opinion)

Lately, not only has ____ been a popular topic, but it has also led some collectives to voice criticism of the mainstream attitude. It should be a crucial target for the (administration, government, state, whole society) to____, due to____. In this paper, two approaches which ought to be taken into account will be discussed.

Advantages

Those who are in favour claim that ____. To begin with ____. Besides ____. Another major advantage is that ____.

Disadvantages

Nevertheless, in spite of the advantages, there are the main drawbacks. One of the biggest concerns is ____, in other words, _____. Another negative aspect is that ____. Lastly ____.

Conclusion

Having looked at both sides of the argument, I really...

Modern life...

Insights into Ancestral Child Rearing

1. Superior Childcare in Stone Age Societies

What fact led evolutionary anthropologists to conclude that our Stone Age ancestors provided better childcare than we do today?

Evolutionary anthropologists concluded that Stone Age ancestors provided better childcare based on the observation that children in the Mbendjele BaYaka community receive approximately nine hours of attention daily, distributed among fifteen different caregivers.

2. Data Collection Methods of the Mbendjele BaYaka Study

How did researchers collect data on the childcare practices of the Mbendjele BaYaka?

The researchers spent four months embedded within the Mbendjele BaYaka community. They observed the children for 12 hours daily,...

Chapter Four

p. 31: A New Reality
Nat wakes up in an unfamiliar, uncomfortable bed that is clearly not his own.

A New Character: Harry

Harry has long, curly hair and a strange accent; he is half-English and half-American.

p. 32: The New Bedroom

The bedroom is small, featuring a single window divided into small panes. The “toilet” consists of a simple bucket.

p. 33: Understanding the Situation

Nat takes the bucket and empties it. He contemplates his new identity as a member of the Merry Wives of Windsor company.

p. 34: The Three Globes

There are three globes: the first was burned, the second was destroyed, and the third is currently being built.

The Burbages

• Mistress Burbage: She bears a striking resemblance to Nat's Aunt Jen.
• Master Burbage: A chunky,