Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Employment training and career guidance

OSPF Configuration

Red directamente conectada: 172.16.0.0/16

Router> en
Router#conf term
Router(config)# router ospf 1
Router(config-router)# network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0
Router(config-router)# network <dirección-red> <máscara-wildcard> area 0 <em>/* Si hay más redes conectadas directamente</em>
Router(config-router)# exit
Router(config)# exit

Configuración de Hostname

router> enable
router# configure terminal
router(config)# hostname <nombre>
<nombre>(config)#

Configurar Contraseñas "Enable Secret" y "Enable Password"

RouterA> enable
RouterA# configure terminal
RouterA(config)# enable secret <contraseña> <em>/* Configura la contraseña Enable Secret</em>
RouterA(config)

Saving Lives on Bikes

Emergency Response Analysis

• A3: TRUE – “Allows him to reach places that normal emergency vehicles cannot access.”
• A4: FALSE – “Cycle responders are becoming increasingly common in crowded cities, pedestrian areas, shopping centres, and outdoor events.”
• A5: TRUE – “Bike ambulances fitted with trailers are used to transport patients from remote villages to distant hospitals and clinics.”
• A6: FALSE – “Bike ambulances are made using local materials and by local workers.”

Vocabulary and Synonyms

• A7.1: “Enables” – allows
• A7.2: “Benefits” – advantages
• A8.1: “Far away from developed places” – remote
• A8.2: “An organisation that…” – charity

Grammar Practice

• B1: He isn't old enough to drive a

Essential English Vocabulary

Transport Terminology

• capable of - capaz de
• come up with - proponer
• get around - moverse
• high speed - alta velocidad
• hop on - subirse a
• load - carga
• long-distance - de larga distancia
• network - red
• reach - alcanzar
• risky - arriesgado
• run on - funcionar con
• set up - construir
• ship - enviar
• standard of living - nivel de vida
• steam - de vapor
• time-consuming - que requiere mucho tiempo
• track - vía

Nature & Outdoors Vocabulary

• berry - baya
• branch - rama
• cave - cueva
• crop - cosecha
• dawn - amanecer
• dig - cavar
• get away from it all - escapar de todo
• head for - ir a
• nut - fruto seco
• pick - coger
• root - raíz
• seed - semilla
• soil - tierra
• sunrise - salida del sol
• sunset - puesta de sol
• tide - marea
• trunk - tronco
• wave - ola
• woods - bosque

Environmental Terms

Modal Verbs of Probability

These structures are used after an infinitive verb to express certainty.

• Must (90%): Used for strong probability.
  Example: He must be at home now. (Debe estar en casa ahora.)
• Might / May / Could (70%): Used for possibility.
  Example: She might be late. (Puede que llegue tarde.)
• Can’t (Impossible): Used when something is impossible.
  Example: He can’t be the thief! (¡No puede ser el ladrón!)

Speculation in the Past

These structures are used after the auxiliary 'have' to talk about past events.

Might, May, and Could

Use Might / May / Could + have + past participle to talk about something possible or to form hypotheses.

• Example: Slaves must have built the pyramids.
• Negative (Something possible that didn’t happen): Use May

Essential Money Vocabulary

Income (Ingresos)

Money that you receive, usually from working.

Allowance (Prestación / Paga)

An amount of money you receive regularly to buy the things you need.

Savings (Ahorros)

Money that you have reserved so that you can use it later.

Live on (Vivir con lo suficiente)

To have a particular amount of money to buy the things that you need to live.

Repay the debt (Pagar la deuda)

To give someone money that you have borrowed from them.

Debit card (Tarjeta de débito)

A plastic card given by a bank that you use for paying for things (linked directly to your bank balance).

Donate (Donar / Donativo)

To give money or goods to an organization, especially a charity.

Small change (Monedas pequeñas de cambio)

Coins of low value.

Beg (Rogar

Passive Voice

to be + verb. (participle)

Prest. simple: (is/are) + STOLEN

Prest. continous : (is/are) + BEING + STOLEN

Past simple: (was/were) + STOLEN

MODALS: (MUST/CAN/SHOULD) + BE + STOLEN

- They told me the truth.

- I was told the truth.(Em van dir la veritat.)

- The truth was told to me.

Causative

HAVE/GET + SOMETHING + DONE

- I had my house painted last summer.

- We are getting our car fixed this afternoon.

Impersonal Passive

(say, believe, claim, know, report, think, consider, mention...)

People believe the president is unfair.

It is believed that the president is unfair.

Relative Sentences

DEFINING RELATIVE.

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE: entre comas, nunca THAT, nunca se omite el pronombre.

PERSON: who/whom (a quien/a quienes)/that

- The teacher (who) Alice is...

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO: Susan is who failed

THAT: Denis is the boy that has a cat (se puede quitar)

WHICH/THAT: This is the book which/that I read yesterday

WHOSE: That is the girl whose parents went to Paris

WHERE: This is the beach where I went on summer

WHEN: August is the month when I have my holiday

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO: Marta, who studied a lot, got a 10 in the exam

WHICH: Matilda, which I have read many times, is a really cool book

REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES

→ Present participle (-ing) replaced by active form

Se quita who’s, that’s…

Do you know who’s studying?

→ Past participle replace passive verbs

Some of the questions that were included were difficult

Who/That→ para personas (quien)

Which/That→para cosas (el cual)...

LESSICO 6

Film and Media Terminology

• Accountability: Responsible for your decisions or actions and expected to explain them when asked.
• Set the agenda: A list of items to be discussed at a meeting.
• Archival footage: Material from the past that can be used in other films.
• Audio engineer: A person whose job is to alter and balance the levels of different sounds as they are recorded.
• Axe: To get rid of a service.
• Back: Give help or support.
• Ban: Decide or say that something is not allowed.
• Bid: Offer a service for a price, in competition with others.
• Boom: Increase in economic activity.
• Expose corruption: Reveal illegal or dishonest behavior.
• Cover-up: Action taken to hide a mistake from the public.
• Lack of credibility: Absence of the quality that makes people

Without Me - Halsey

Found you when your heart was broke.

CONDITIONALS

As long as (sempre que), providing that (sempre), unless (a menys que), even if (encara que)

0. General Truths and General Habits

If + present simple, present simple
If you add two and two, you get four.

1st Conditional: Possible or Likely Things in the Future

If + present simple,... will + infinitive / will + infinitive...if + present simple
If it rains later, we'll stay at home.

2nd Conditional: Impossible Things in the Present / Unlikely Things in the Future

If + past simple, would + infinitive / would + infinitive... if + past simple
If I won the lottery, I would sail round the world.

3rd Conditional: Things That Didn't Happen in the Past and Their Imaginary Results

If + past perfect, would + have + past participle / would have + past