Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Employment training and career guidance

Direct Present Simple

DIRECT PRESENT SIMPLE A- i you we they (normal) he she it (verb acaba en s) N- I you we they (don’t verb normal) he she it (doesn’t verb normal) I-Do (I you we they) Does (he she it).

Reported Past Simple

REPORTED PAST SIMPLE A- totes les pers (verb acabat amb –ed o 2 columna) N- totes les pers (didn’t verb acabat normal) I- Did (totes les pers verb acabat normal).//.

Direct Present Continuous

DIRECT PRESENT CONTINUOUS A- I (‘m verb acabat -ing) he she it (‘s verb acabat -ing) you we they (‘re verb acabat -ing) N- I (‘m not verb acabat -ing) he she it (isn’t verb acabat -ing) you we they (aren’t verb acabat -ing) I- Am (I verb acabat -ing) is (he she it verb acabat -ing) are (you we they verb acabat -ing)...

English Grammar Summary

Unit 1: Verb Tenses and Structures

• Present Simple: (e.g., I sing). Affirmative: Subj + Inf (+s for 3rd person). Negative: Subj + don't/doesn't + Verb. Interrogative: Do/Does + Subj + Verb?
• Present Continuous: (e.g., I am singing). Affirmative: Subj + am/is/are + Verb-ing. Negative: Subj + am not/isn't/aren't + Verb-ing. Interrogative: Am/Is/Are + Subj + Verb-ing?
• Past Simple: (e.g., I played). Affirmative: Subj + Verb-ed. Negative: Subj + didn't + Verb. Interrogative: Did + Subj + Verb?
• Past Continuous: (e.g., I was playing). Affirmative: Subj + was/were + Verb-ing. Negative: Subj + wasn't/weren't + Verb-ing. Interrogative: Was/Were + Subj + Verb-ing?
• Present Perfect Simple: (e.g., I have bought). Affirmative: Subj + have/

Unit 1: Essential Expressions

• Appeal (Atreure)
• Dare (Atrevir-se)
• Go wrong (Salir mal)
• Make sure
• On the spur of the moment (Espontàniament)
• Play safe (Anar sobre segur)
• Think twice (Pensar-s'ho dues vegades)
• Willing (Disposat)
• A close shave (Sortir-se'n pels pèls)
• Cut it fine
• Just in case (Per si de cas)
• Safe and sound (Sa i estalvi)
• The coast was clear (No habian moros en la costa)
• Fast asleep (Sobado)
• Wide awake (Molt despert)
• Brand new (Nou de trinca)
• Soaking wet (Empapado)
• Wide open (Obert de bat a bat)
• Pitch black (Totalment obscur)
• Rock hard (Dur com una pedra)

Adverbs of Degree

Extreme Adverbs

Completely, quite, really (e.g., terrifying, petrified, spectacular, exhilarating, starving, gigantic, exhausted, filthy, fascinated)

Ordinary Adverbs

Absolutely, extremely,...

Mastering the Past Continuous Tense

The Past Continuous tense (also known as the Past Progressive) is used to describe actions that were developing at a specific moment in the past. These actions started before that moment and continued afterward.

Usage Rules for the Past Continuous

1. Actions Ongoing at a Specific Time

Use the Past Continuous to pinpoint an action happening at a precise moment in the past.

2. Equivalence in Spanish

In Spanish, the Past Continuous is equivalent to the continuous form (e....

Global Issues and Sustainability

Social and Economic Challenges

Poverty and Inequality

Reduced Inequalities: Addressing income disparities and promoting social inclusion.

Decent Work and Economic Growth:

Creating opportunities for meaningful employment and fostering sustainable economic development.

Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure:

Investing in sustainable infrastructure and promoting technological advancements.

Sustainable Cities and Communities:

Developing urban areas that are resilient, inclusive, and environmentally friendly.

Gender Equality:

Empowering women and girls and ensuring equal rights and opportunities.

Quality Education:

Providing access to quality education for all, promoting lifelong learning.

Environmental Challenges

Climate Change

Adventure and Travel Vocabulary

Scenery and Survival

• Scenery: paisaje
• Survival skills: técnicas de supervivencia
• Breathtaking: impresionante
• Give me a thrill: entusiasmar
• Awesome: increíble
• Run out of: quedarse sin
• Stunt: acrobacia
• Rescue: rescate

Adventure and Terrain

• Mountainous: montañoso
• Adventurous: aventurero
• Steep: escarpado
• Brave: valiente
• Risky: peligroso
• Hurt herself: hacerse daño
• Wild: salvaje
• Challenging: reto
• Trail: camino
• Survive: sobrevivir
• Unforgettable: inolvidable
• Fit: en forma

Travel and Booking

• Make a reservation: hacer una reserva
• Set off: salir
• Go trekking: hacer senderismo
• Book a session: reservar una sesión
• Make my way: dirigirse
• Overcome fear: superar el miedo
• Face danger: enfrentarse al peligro
• Lost my way: perderse
• Seriously injured: gravemente

Do

• Hacer teamworks
• Incorporar management y middle management
• Establecer responsabilidades y targets

A. Desarroll

• CSR commitment (scanning de los CSR commitments, crear group de work, consultar stakeholders afectados)
• Implement CSR commitment (integrar CSR estrategia, implementar CSR business plan, fidelizar empleados, diseñar CSR training, crear planes de comunicación interna y externa, hacer pública los commitments)

Check

• Medir targets y reconocer performance
• Asegurar y reportar el progreso (fidelizar stakeholders, reportar performance interna y externa, asegurar performance)

Improve

• Hacer SWOT
• Evaluar y mejorar (identificar oportunidades de mejora, fidelizar stakeholders)

CrossCheck

Una vez completo, volver al principio del ciclo siguiente.

SA 8000

Is...

English Verb Tenses: Forms and Structures

Mastering English verb tenses is crucial for clear communication. This section outlines the affirmative, negative, and interrogative forms for each major tense.

Present Simple

• Affirmative:

  Subject + Verb (add -s/-es for 3rd person singular)

• Negative:

  Subject + do/does + not + Verb (base form)

• Interrogative:

  Do/Does + Subject + Verb (base form)?

Present Continuous

• Affirmative:

  Subject + am/is/are + Verb-ing

• Negative:

  Subject + am/is/are + not + Verb-ing

• Interrogative:

  Am/Is/Are + Subject + Verb-ing?

Past Simple

• Affirmative:

  Subject + Verb (-ed for regular verbs / irregular past form)

• Negative:

  Subject + did not (didn't) + Verb (base form)

• Interrogative:

  Did + Subject + Verb (base form)?

Past Continuous

• Affirmative:

Mastering English Grammar and Workplace Vocabulary

This document provides a concise collection of examples and exercises focusing on essential English grammar concepts, including relative clauses and pronouns, alongside practical workplace vocabulary. Enhance your understanding of formal and informal language usage and expand your professional lexicon.

Essential Workplace Vocabulary

• The deadline is tomorrow, not a day later.
• The perks include a company car.
• He first started working here as a clerk.
• That’s nonsense. It’s just not true.
• She’s been promoted to a new position.
• I’m not a slave. I don’t work for free.
• This week I’m working the early shift.
• I need help. This task requires teamwork.

Common Relative Pronouns and Prepositions

Here is...

Internal Note: Applicant Information (Top Right)

Name, Street Address, City, 25001, Spain, Date

Internal Note: Company Information (Bottom Left)

Company Name, Contact Person, Street Address, Spain

Professional Job Application Documents

Cover Letter

Section 1: Introduction, Motivation, Interest, Initiative

Dear Mr./Ms. Name,

I am writing to apply for the job position which was advertised last month in the newspaper. Although I am presently employed at (marcA), it has always been my intention to work at Audi. I would particularly welcome the chance to work for your company. I have long admired the quality of your products and services, and your production methods. As you will notice in my enclosed CV, the job you are offering suits my personal and professional...