Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and exercises for Visual arts and art education for Baccalaureate

Descent from the Cross

This Flemish Gothic painting from the second half of the 15th century was authored by Rogier van der Weyden. It is a religious work featuring highly detailed figures. The composition is set within a closed environment, where Mary and St. John form two parallel wavy lines mirroring the body of Christ. The scene is dramatic, characterized by expressive, sculptural gestures and figures with sharply broken folds in their clothing. The work demonstrates exceptional realism and utilizes the oil painting technique.

Arnolfini Portrait

This 15th-century Flemish Gothic painting by Jan van Eyck depicts a marriage portrait from everyday life. The characters are situated inside a room, where a dog symbolizes purity. Behind the couple,...

Greek Architecture: Classical and Hellenistic Periods

Greek architecture is defined by the use of adobe, wood, marble, and stone. Key attributes include the use of lintels, human proportions, and a pursuit of visual harmony.

The Three Architectural Orders

• Doric Order: The building sits on a base divided into tiers. The column is baseless, with a fluted shaft that decreases in size upward. The capital consists of a collar and an abacus. The entablature includes the architrave, frieze, and cornice.
• Ionic Order: The shaft rests on a base with moldings. The trunk is more slender than the Doric and features vertical grooves. The capital is characterized by two scrolls resting on an abacus that supports the entablature.
• Corinthian Order: Similar to the

Food-Related Phrasal Verbs

• Boil over: Derramarse al hervir.
• Chop up: Cut into small pieces (picar).
• Cut sth off: Remove using a knife or similar tool.
• Dig in: Hincar el diente; start eating with enthusiasm.
• Eat in: Comer en casa.
• Eat out: Comer fuera en un restaurante.
• Go off: Estropearse; become rotten.
• Pick at: Picar; eat slowly because you are not hungry or do not like the food.
• Put off: Discourage.
• Run out / run out of: Quedarse sin.

Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Countable: Singular uses a or an; plural uses some (+) or any (-).

Uncountable: Always singular. Do not use a or an. Use some (+) or any (-). Example: I've got some soup for lunch.

Note: Use a piece of or a slice of for items like chocolate, cake, furniture, paper, research, bread, toast,...

Package Specification: gestionInstituto

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE gestionInstituto
AS

  

Cursors

Functions and Procedures

Package Body: gestionInstituto

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY gestionInstituto
AS

  

Function: media

Isometric Drawing Steps

1. Axis Construction: The three axes are drawn using set squares. To draw the X and Y axes, the 30-60-90º set square’s 30º angle is used.
2. Box Creation: The object’s measurements are marked on the axes, corresponding to the object’s three edges. Using set squares, parallel lines are drawn to create the bounding box for the figure.
3. Detailing: Measurements of the different parts of the views are marked. Sketch lines parallel to the edges of the box lightly, as some will be erased later.
4. Finalizing: Visible edges are drawn using darker lines, and construction lines are erased.

Conical Perspective

Conical perspective is based on the optical effects that occur in an object’s measurements as it moves farther from the observer....

Painting Techniques

Fresco

Fresco: Applied on a whitewashed wall with pigments dissolved in lime water. The painter must work quickly and confidently because corrections are impossible once the paint dries. A preparatory drawing is essential to mark the outlines and the areas to be painted.

Oil Painting

Oil: Applied on canvas or wood, using pigments dissolved in oil. Oil painting allows for corrections and a variety of pictorial effects, although errors may become visible over time.

Watercolor

Watercolor: Pigments mixed with water on absorbent paper. Corrections are difficult.

Pastel

Pastel: Applied with a pencil incorporating a binding agent on paper.

Collage

Collage: Popularized by Picasso and Braque, collage involves pasting colored newsprint or other...

ABSTRACTION: A contemporary art movement that bases its aesthetic effect on pure color, pure form, and pure quality, with no figurative or imitative purpose of reality.
WATERCOLOR: Painting in which pigment is mixed with a water-soluble binder, usually gum arabic.
Still Life: A painting, usually of small size, that represents only inanimate objects: pieces of game, fruit baskets, flowers, pots, bread, and vegetables, etc.
CHIASCURO: A term that refers to the effects of light and shade in an artistic work, particularly when they are very contrasting.
LOCAL COLOR: Color without hue, defined in a very concrete manner.
Tone Color: The one that displays any of the variants in which sunlight breaks down or a mixture of two or more colors.
Primary

Audio Visual Q1: Color Theory

Color Description

• Chroma: How pure a hue is in relation to gray.
• Saturation: The degree of purity of a hue.
• Intensity: The lightness or dullness of a hue (adding black or white).
• Value: A measure of the amount of light reflected from a hue.
• Shade: Produced by the addition of black.
• Tint: Produced by the addition of white.

Color Systems

• Subtractive Color: Used when mixing colors with paint. Begins with white and ends with black (CMYK).
• Additive Color: Used on computers. Begins with black and ends with white (RGB).

The Color Wheel

• Primary Colors: The basic essence; these colors cannot be created by mixing others.
• Secondary Colors: Colors achieved by mixing two primary colors.
• Tertiary Colors: Achieved by mixing primary and secondary

Defining Cartographic Generalization

Cartographic generalization is the simplification of reality. It involves selecting geographic variables to represent on a map, ensuring the representation is both effective and useful.

Understanding Geographic Variables

A geographic variable is anything located at a site. This can be material (e.g., a house) or intangible (e.g., a political idea), as well as steady (e.g., a road) or dynamic (e.g., a cold front).

Mapping Approaches

There are five primary mapping approaches that are not necessarily incompatible:

• Geometric: Focuses on metric accuracy and measurement. It prioritizes precision over design.
• Technological: Views the map as a tool for storing spatial information, focusing on data collection, processing,

Initialization and Global Variables

The following variables manage the state of the shapes and their counts:

var shapes = [];
var tCount = 0;
var mCount = 0;

Setup Function

The init() function starts the animation loop:

function init() {
    draw();
    timer = setInterval(update, 20);
}

Animation Logic

The update() function handles shape generation, movement, and cleanup:

function update() {
    // Generate shapes randomly
    if (tCount < 5 && Math.floor((Math.random() * 200) + 1) == 1) {
        var shape = new Shape();
        shape.x = 400;
        shape.xVel = -5;
        shape.y = Math.floor((Math.random() * 40) + 41);
        shape.width = Math.floor((Math.random() * 20) + 21);
        shape.chooseColor();
        tCount++;