Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Teacher training

Topic Vocabulary - 6: Environment

Carbon footprint | Eco-friendly | Environment | Fossil fuels | Global warming | Greenhouse gases | Landfill site | Recycle | Rubbish dump | Separate rubbish | Sustainable development | Waste disposal

Words in the text: Grow

grow (verb) | grow food - cultivar | grows very well - crecen bien | growing - número | grow up - madurar | growing boy | growing (problem) - que crece | growth | it's growing on me - te va gustando poco a poco

Describing Processes and Quantities

get (+adjective) - se esta poniendo | lack - falta de algo | lead to - llevar a | rise - global warming is rising | trend - popular

Topic Vocabulary - 7: Consumerism

advertise (verb) | advertiser (publicista) | advertising (publicidad) | ban | bombarded

INEBI is to use English while you work other subject's content. It is related to CLIL And communication. Inebi introduces English to 4 years pupils.

Inebi has two aims:

1.To improve the pupil’s competence

2.To improve the teacher’s teaching Practise

Language Is considered a communication tool and learned by using it in interactive Situations and integrating contents. Besides, to communicate in English Sometimes use the children mother tongue.

The Teacher proposed cognitive challenges to foster intrinsic Motivation and find a balance between accuracy and fluency.

Pupil’s Autonomy is searched by involving learners in content Decisions (for example, the planning)

The Didactic units contain 4 parts:

1.Introduction

2.Activity sequence

3.Appendix

4.

Essential English Vocabulary

Leisure Activities & General Terms

• Ballet classes: clases de ballet
• Doing sport: fent esport
• Free time: temps lliure
• Go out: sortir
• Good at: bo en
• Graffiti artist: graffiter
• Learning to play: aprenent a tocar
• Play: jugar
• Spending time with my friends: passar temps amb els meus amics
• Spray paint: pintura en aerosol
• Chatting: xatejar
• Cooking: cuinar
• Doing crossword puzzles: fer encreuats
• Doing photography: fer fotos
• Drawing: dibuixar
• Hiking: senderisme
• Painting: pintar
• Playing cards: jugar cartes
• Playing chess: jugar escacs
• Playing ice hockey: jugar a hoquei sobre gel
• Playing table football: jugar a futbolí
• Surfing the Net: navegar per la xarxa
• Match: relacionar
• Point out: assenyalar
• Remove: treure
• Involved: implicats
• Doubt: dubte
• Catch:

Conversation Analysis

Conversation as a discourse type has been defined by Cook (1989) in the followin way: - it is not primarily necessitated by a practical task. - any unequal power of participants is partially suspended. - the number of participants is small. - turns are quite short. - talk is primarily for the participants and not for an outside audience.
Conversation analysis is the study of recorded, naturally occurring talk-in-interaction.
CA is only marginally interested in language as such, but first and foremost in language as a practical social accomplishment. Its object of study is the interactional organisation of social activities. CA aims at discovering how participants understand and respond to one another in their turns at talk,...

Narrative Techniques in Angela Vicario's Story

There are also parallels in the construction of sentences ("started beating me," "I began to remember," followed by "weighing," "kept thinking," "when he heard the screaming... And his mother came..."). We have already discussed how repeated words really count. There is also a gradation in the intensity of Angela's feelings, culminating in her real misfortune—her love for Bayardo—as seen in the last paragraph.

Alternating Narration and Description

In the piece, narration and description alternate. The dialogue, known for its brevity, introduces a brisk pace and strengthens Angela's testimony ("It was he."). In the first paragraph, the description of Nasar is highlighted through verbs in the imperfect

Phonological and Syntactic Devices

• Alliteration: The repetition of the same sound in several words within a sentence.
• Onomatopoeia: The formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named.
• Pun: A play on words, often using different meanings of the same word or similar-sounding words.
• Paronomasia: The use of words that sound similar but have different meanings.
• Anaphora: The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or verses.
• Asyndeton: The omission of conjunctions between parts of a sentence, creating a sense of speed.
• Ellipsis: The omission of words that are grammatically necessary but understood from context.
• Hyperbaton: An alteration of the normal word order in a sentence.
• Parallelism: The repetition of the

Accounting in Ancient Civilizations

The earliest civilizations that arose on earth had to find a way to record certain facts with arithmetic projection, which occurred too often and too complex to be retained by the memory.

Mesopotamia

The famous Code of Hammurabi, promulgated about the year 1700 AD, contained criminal law, civilian and commercial standards. It regulated contracts such as loans, sales, leases, fees, deposits, and other forms of civil and commercial matters.

Egypt

If accounting was important among the peoples of Mesopotamia, it was even more necessary in a society as rigidly centralized as pharaonic Egypt.

Greece

The Hellenic temples, as had happened many centuries before in Mesopotamia and Egypt, were the first places in ancient Greece...

The Concept of Text and Its Properties

A text is an upper unit consisting of statements, oral or written, that maintain a relationship. Every text is produced with an intention and within a specific communicative situation. The text presents two primary properties: coherence and cohesion.

Coherence and Cohesion

Coherence gives the text a unit of meaning; the information conforms to a topic, is relevant, and is organized. Cohesion is a relationship between the parts of a text using linguistic elements. To achieve this, you can use different resources:

• Recurrence: The repetition of an item of text within the text itself. The elements that achieve the cohesion of the text are lexical recurrence and synonymy.
• Replacement: The repetition of an item using

Curriculum Learning Experiences

The curriculum is vast, allowing us to consider unplanned learning experiences explicitly, often referred to as the hidden curriculum. These experiences encompass both formal and informal learning facilitators.

Design and Cultural Interpretation

Seeking alternative solutions for integrating the cultural dimension of the curriculum is based on practical rationality. The values considered in this design are prescriptive, as they are embedded within a specific social culture and a reconstruction of educational concepts.

Constructivism in Education

Constructivism has inspired significant curricular reform, aiming to improve teacher efficacy. Education is viewed as a constructive process where the student acts as the constructor

Global Education Systems and Approaches

Educational Priorities in Key Countries

• Finland: Prioritizes equitable learning and minimizes academic competition among children.
• South Korea: Utilizes advanced technology, though its educational system is highly demanding.
• Brazil: Provides support to low-income families to ensure children's school attendance.
• Kenya: Aims to increase school enrollment, particularly in rural areas.

Understanding Education and Globalization

Defining Education

In English: Education is the process of learning knowledge, skills, and values to grow as a person and live in society.

En español: La educación es el proceso de aprender conocimientos, habilidades y valores para crecer como persona y vivir en sociedad.

What is Global Education?